r1 = (-1 * 2) ** 4 = 16.0
r2 = -1 * (2 ** 4) = -16.0
r3 = -1 * 2 ** 4 = -16.0 (should equal r2)

b1 = (1 << 3) + 2 = 00001010
b2 = 1 << (3 + 2) = 00100000
b3 = 1 << 3 + 2 = 00100000 (should equal b2)