#!/usr/bin/perl

#
# Perl Weekly Challenge - 067
#
# Task #1: Number Combinations
#
# https://perlweeklychallenge.org/blog/perl-weekly-challenge-067/
#

use strict;
use warnings;

use Test::More;
use List::Util qw(uniq);

is( comb(5, 2),
    '[ [1, 2], [1, 3], [1, 4], [1, 5], [2, 3], [2, 4], [2, 5], [3, 4], [3, 5], [4, 5] ]',
    'testing m=5; n=2' );
is( comb(5, 3),
    '[ [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 4], [1, 2, 5], [1, 3, 4], [1, 3, 5], [1, 4, 5], [2, 3, 4], [2, 3, 5], [2, 4, 5], [3, 4, 5] ]',
    'testing m=5; n=3' );
is( comb(5, 4),
    '[ [1, 2, 3, 4], [1, 2, 3, 5], [1, 2, 4, 5], [1, 3, 4, 5], [2, 3, 4, 5] ]',
    'testing m=5; n=4' );
is( comb(5, 5),
    '[ [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] ]',
    'testing m=5; n=5' );

done_testing;

sub comb {
    my ($m, $n) = @_;

    die "ERROR: Missing 'm'.\n"
        unless defined $m;
    die "ERROR: Missing 'n'.\n"
        unless defined $n;
    die "ERROR: Invalid m=$m (m>0).\n"
        unless ($m > 0);
    die "ERROR: Invalid n=$n (n>0).\n"
        unless ($n > 0);
    die "ERROR: Invalid n=$n (n<=m).\n"
        unless ($n <= $m);

    # prepare data set
    my @data = ();
    push @data, [1..$m] foreach (1..$n);

    # generate all possible combinations
    my @combinations = ('');
    foreach my $members (@data) {
        @combinations = map {
            my  $member = $_;
            map $member.$_, @$members
        } @combinations;
    }

    # filter combinations
    my %filter;
    foreach my $member (@combinations) {
        my @uniq = uniq split //, $member;
        next unless (@uniq == $n);
        $filter{ sprintf("[%s]", join ', ', sort @uniq) } = 1;
    }

    # return sorted result
    return sprintf("[ %s ]", join ', ', (sort keys %filter));
}