Merge pull request #9919 from PerlMonk-Athanasius/branch-for-challenge-264

Perl & Raku solutions to Tasks 1 & 2 for Week 264

4 files changed, 801 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/challenge-264/athanasius/perl/ch-1.pl b/challenge-264/athanasius/perl/ch-1.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bba7f30c47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-264/athanasius/perl/ch-1.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+#!perl
+
+################################################################################
+=comment
+
+Perl Weekly Challenge 264
+=========================
+
+TASK #1
+-------
+*Greatest English Letter*
+
+Submitted by: Mohammad Sajid Anwar
+
+You are given a string, $str, made up of only alphabetic characters [a..zA..Z].
+
+Write a script to return the greatest english letter in the given string.
+
+    A letter is greatest if it occurs as lower and upper case. Also letter 'b'
+    is greater than 'a' if 'b' appears after 'a' in the English alphabet.
+
+Example 1
+
+  Input: $str = 'PeRlwEeKLy'
+  Output: L
+
+  There are two letters E and L that appears as lower and upper.
+  The letter L appears after E, so the L is the greatest english letter.
+
+Example 2
+
+  Input: $str = 'ChaLlenge'
+  Output: L
+
+Example 3
+
+  Input: $str = 'The'
+  Output: ''
+
+=cut
+################################################################################
+
+#--------------------------------------#
+# Copyright © 2024 PerlMonk Athanasius #
+#--------------------------------------#
+
+#===============================================================================
+=comment
+
+Interface
+---------
+1. If no command-line arguments are given, the test suite is run. Otherwise:
+2. A single string, containing alphabetic characters only, is given on the
+   command-line.
+
+=cut
+#===============================================================================
+
+use v5.32.1;       # Enables strictures
+use warnings;
+use Const::Fast;
+use Test::More;
+
+const my $USAGE => <<END;
+Usage:
+  perl $0 <str>
+  perl $0
+
+    <str>    A string containing alphabetic characters (A-Z, a-z) only
+END
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+BEGIN
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    $| = 1;
+    print "\nChallenge 264, Task #1: Greatest English Letter (Perl)\n\n";
+}
+
+#===============================================================================
+MAIN:
+#===============================================================================
+{
+    my $argc = scalar @ARGV;
+
+    if    ($argc == 0)
+    {
+        run_tests();
+    }
+    elsif ($argc == 1)
+    {
+        my $str = $ARGV[ 0 ];
+
+        $str =~ / ^ [[:alpha:]]* $ /x
+            or error( qq[Invalid input string "$str"] );
+
+        print "Input:  \$str = '$str'\n";
+
+        my $gel = find_greatest_English_letter( $str );
+
+        print "Output: '$gel'\n";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        error( qq[Expected 1 or 0 command-line arguments, found $argc] );
+    }
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub find_greatest_English_letter
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    my ($str) = @_;
+    my  %letters;
+      ++$letters{ $_ } for split //, $str;
+
+    my $gel = '';
+    my @uc  = grep { / ^ [[:upper:]] $ /x } keys %letters;
+
+    for (sort { $b cmp $a } @uc)        # Sort descending
+    {
+        if (exists $letters{ lc() })
+        {
+            $gel = $_;
+            last;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return $gel;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub run_tests
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    print "Running the test suite\n";
+
+    while (my $line = <DATA>)
+    {
+        chomp $line;
+
+        my  ($test_name, $str, $expected) = split / \| /x, $line;
+
+        for ($test_name, $str, $expected)
+        {
+            s/ ^ \s+   //x;
+            s/   \s+ $ //x;
+        }
+
+        my $gel = find_greatest_English_letter( $str );
+
+        is $gel, $expected, $test_name;
+    }
+
+    done_testing;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub error
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    my ($message) = @_;
+
+    die "ERROR: $message\n$USAGE";
+}
+
+################################################################################
+
+__DATA__
+Example 1|PeRlwEeKLy|L
+Example 2|ChaLlenge |L
+Example 3|The       |
diff --git a/challenge-264/athanasius/perl/ch-2.pl b/challenge-264/athanasius/perl/ch-2.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c6305143c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-264/athanasius/perl/ch-2.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+#!perl
+
+################################################################################
+=comment
+
+Perl Weekly Challenge 264
+=========================
+
+TASK #2
+-------
+*Target Array*
+
+Submitted by: Mohammad Sajid Anwar
+
+You are given two arrays of integers, @source and @indices. The @indices can
+only contains integers 0 <= i < size of @source.
+
+Write a script to create target array by insert at index $indices[i] the value
+$source[i].
+
+Example 1
+
+  Input: @source  = (0, 1, 2, 3, 4)
+         @indices = (0, 1, 2, 2, 1)
+  Output: (0, 4, 1, 3, 2)
+
+  @source  @indices  @target
+  0        0         (0)
+  1        1         (0, 1)
+  2        2         (0, 1, 2)
+  3        2         (0, 1, 3, 2)
+  4        1         (0, 4, 1, 3, 2)
+
+Example 2
+
+  Input: @source  = (1, 2, 3, 4, 0)
+         @indices = (0, 1, 2, 3, 0)
+  Output: (0, 1, 2, 3, 4)
+
+  @source  @indices  @target
+  1        0         (1)
+  2        1         (1, 2)
+  3        2         (1, 2, 3)
+  4        3         (1, 2, 3, 4)
+  0        0         (0, 1, 2, 3, 4)
+
+Example 3
+
+  Input: @source  = (1)
+         @indices = (0)
+  Output: (1)
+
+=cut
+################################################################################
+
+#--------------------------------------#
+# Copyright © 2024 PerlMonk Athanasius #
+#--------------------------------------#
+
+#===============================================================================
+=comment
+
+Interface
+---------
+1. If no command-line arguments are given, the test suite is run. Otherwise:
+2. The lists $source and $indices are entered as named-argument strings on the
+   command-line.
+ - Each is a list of integers separated by whitespace.
+ - $indices contains unsigned integers (i, j, k, ...) such that each is less
+   than or equal to its own index position in the list: i = 0, 0 <= j <= 1,
+   0 <= k <= 2, etc.
+
+=cut
+#===============================================================================
+
+use v5.32.1;       # Enables strictures
+use warnings;
+use Const::Fast;
+use Getopt::Long;
+use Regexp::Common qw( number );
+use Test::More;
+
+const my $USAGE => <<END;
+Usage:
+  perl $0 [--source=<Str>] [--indices=<Str>]
+  perl $0
+
+    --source=<Str>     A whitespace-separated list of integers
+    --indices=<Str>    A whitespace-separated list of positive integers
+END
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+BEGIN
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    $| = 1;
+    print "\nChallenge 264, Task #2: Target Array (Perl)\n\n";
+}
+
+#===============================================================================
+MAIN:
+#===============================================================================
+{
+    if (scalar @ARGV == 0)
+    {
+        run_tests();
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        my ($source, $indices) = parse_command_line();
+
+        printf "Input:  \@source  = (%s)\n", join ', ', @$source;
+        printf "        \@indices = (%s)\n", join ', ', @$indices;
+
+        my $target = construct_target( $source, $indices );
+
+        printf "Output: \@target  = (%s)\n", join ', ', @$target;
+    }
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub construct_target
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    my ($source, $indices) = @_;
+    my  @target;
+
+    for my $i (0 .. $#$source)
+    {
+        splice @target, $indices->[ $i ], 0, $source->[ $i ];
+    }
+
+    return \@target;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub parse_command_line
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    my ($source_str, $indices_str);
+
+    GetOptions
+    (
+        'source=s'   => \$source_str,
+        'indices2=s' => \$indices_str
+
+    )                 or error( 'Invalid command-line arguments' );
+
+    $source_str       // error( 'Missing source' );
+    $indices_str      // error( 'Missing indices' );
+    scalar @ARGV == 0 or error( 'Extra command-line arguments' );
+
+    my $source  = parse_source ( $source_str  );
+    my $indices = parse_indices( $indices_str );
+
+    scalar @$source == scalar @$indices
+                      or error( 'The input lists are of different sizes' );
+
+    return ($source, $indices);
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub parse_source
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    my ($source_str) = @_;
+    my  @source;
+
+    for my $s (split / \s+ /x, $source_str)
+    {
+        $s =~ / ^ $RE{num}{int} $ /x
+            or error( qq["$s" is not a valid integer] );
+
+        push @source, $s;
+    }
+
+    return \@source;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub parse_indices
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    my ($indices_str) = @_;
+    my  $count        = 0;
+    my  @indices;
+
+    for my $i (split / \s+ /x, $indices_str)
+    {
+        $i =~ / ^ $RE{num}{int} $ /x
+                       or error( qq["$i" is not a valid integer] );
+        $i >= 0        or error( qq["$i" is negative] );
+        $i <= $count++ or error( qq[The index "$i" is too large] );
+
+        push @indices, $i;
+    }
+
+    return \@indices;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub run_tests
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    print "Running the test suite\n";
+
+    while (my $line = <DATA>)
+    {
+        chomp $line;
+
+        my  ($test_name, $source_str, $indices_str, $expected_str) =
+             split / \| /x, $line;
+
+        for ($test_name, $source_str, $indices_str, $expected_str)
+        {
+            s/ ^ \s+   //x;
+            s/   \s+ $ //x;
+        }
+
+        my @source   = split / \s+ /x, $source_str;
+        my @indices  = split / \s+ /x, $indices_str;
+        my @expected = split / \s+ /x, $expected_str;
+        my $target   = construct_target( \@source, \@indices );
+
+        is_deeply $target, \@expected, $test_name;
+    }
+
+    done_testing;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub error
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    my ($message) = @_;
+
+    die "ERROR: $message\n$USAGE";
+}
+
+################################################################################
+
+__DATA__
+Example 1|0 1 2 3 4|0 1 2 2 1|0 4 1 3 2
+Example 2|1 2 3 4 0|0 1 2 3 0|0 1 2 3 4
+Example 3|1        |0        |1
diff --git a/challenge-264/athanasius/raku/ch-1.raku b/challenge-264/athanasius/raku/ch-1.raku
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c466919ccc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-264/athanasius/raku/ch-1.raku
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+use v6d;
+
+################################################################################
+=begin comment
+
+Perl Weekly Challenge 264
+=========================
+
+TASK #1
+-------
+*Greatest English Letter*
+
+Submitted by: Mohammad Sajid Anwar
+
+You are given a string, $str, made up of only alphabetic characters [a..zA..Z].
+
+Write a script to return the greatest english letter in the given string.
+
+    A letter is greatest if it occurs as lower and upper case. Also letter 'b'
+    is greater than 'a' if 'b' appears after 'a' in the English alphabet.
+
+Example 1
+
+  Input: $str = 'PeRlwEeKLy'
+  Output: L
+
+  There are two letters E and L that appears as lower and upper.
+  The letter L appears after E, so the L is the greatest english letter.
+
+Example 2
+
+  Input: $str = 'ChaLlenge'
+  Output: L
+
+Example 3
+
+  Input: $str = 'The'
+  Output: ''
+
+=end comment
+################################################################################
+
+#--------------------------------------#
+# Copyright © 2024 PerlMonk Athanasius #
+#--------------------------------------#
+
+#===============================================================================
+=begin comment
+
+Interface
+---------
+1. If no command-line arguments are given, the test suite is run. Otherwise:
+2. A single string, containing alphabetic characters only, is given on the
+   command-line.
+
+=end comment
+#===============================================================================
+
+use Test;
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+BEGIN
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    "\nChallenge 264, Task #1: Greatest English Letter (Raku)\n".put;
+}
+
+#===============================================================================
+multi sub MAIN
+(
+    #| A string containing alphabetic characters (A-Z, a-z) only
+
+    Str:D $str where / ^ <[ a .. z A .. Z ]>* $ /;
+)
+#===============================================================================
+{
+    "Input:  \$str = '$str'".put;
+
+    my Str $gel = find-greatest-English-letter( $str );
+
+    "Output: '$gel'".put;
+}
+
+#===============================================================================
+multi sub MAIN()                                  # No input: run the test suite
+#===============================================================================
+{
+    run-tests();
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub find-greatest-English-letter( Str:D $str --> Str:D )
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    my UInt %letters;
+          ++%letters{ $_ } for $str.split: '', :skip-empty;
+
+    my Str $gel = '';
+    my Str @uc  = %letters.keys.grep: { / ^ <.upper> $ / };
+
+    for @uc.sort.reverse
+    {
+        if %letters{ .lc }:exists
+        {
+            $gel = $_;
+            last;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return $gel;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub run-tests()
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    'Running the test suite'.put;
+
+    for test-data.lines -> Str $line
+    {
+        my Str ($test-name, $str, $expected) = $line.split: / \| /;
+
+        for     $test-name, $str, $expected
+        {
+            s/ ^ \s+   //;
+            s/   \s+ $ //;
+        }
+
+        my Str $gel = find-greatest-English-letter( $str );
+
+        is $gel, $expected, $test-name;
+    }
+
+    done-testing;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub USAGE()
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    my Str $usage = $*USAGE;
+
+    $usage ~~ s:g/ ($*PROGRAM-NAME) /raku $0/;
+
+    $usage.put;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub test-data( --> Str:D )
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    return q:to/END/;
+        Example 1|PeRlwEeKLy|L
+        Example 2|ChaLlenge |L
+        Example 3|The       |
+        END
+}
+
+################################################################################
diff --git a/challenge-264/athanasius/raku/ch-2.raku b/challenge-264/athanasius/raku/ch-2.raku
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ff3900c25f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-264/athanasius/raku/ch-2.raku
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+use v6d;
+
+################################################################################
+=begin comment
+
+Perl Weekly Challenge 264
+=========================
+
+TASK #2
+-------
+*Target Array*
+
+Submitted by: Mohammad Sajid Anwar
+
+You are given two arrays of integers, @source and @indices. The @indices can
+only contains integers 0 <= i < size of @source.
+
+Write a script to create target array by insert at index $indices[i] the value
+$source[i].
+
+Example 1
+
+  Input: @source  = (0, 1, 2, 3, 4)
+         @indices = (0, 1, 2, 2, 1)
+  Output: (0, 4, 1, 3, 2)
+
+  @source  @indices  @target
+  0        0         (0)
+  1        1         (0, 1)
+  2        2         (0, 1, 2)
+  3        2         (0, 1, 3, 2)
+  4        1         (0, 4, 1, 3, 2)
+
+Example 2
+
+  Input: @source  = (1, 2, 3, 4, 0)
+         @indices = (0, 1, 2, 3, 0)
+  Output: (0, 1, 2, 3, 4)
+
+  @source  @indices  @target
+  1        0         (1)
+  2        1         (1, 2)
+  3        2         (1, 2, 3)
+  4        3         (1, 2, 3, 4)
+  0        0         (0, 1, 2, 3, 4)
+
+Example 3
+
+  Input: @source  = (1)
+         @indices = (0)
+  Output: (1)
+
+=end comment
+################################################################################
+
+#--------------------------------------#
+# Copyright © 2024 PerlMonk Athanasius #
+#--------------------------------------#
+
+#===============================================================================
+=begin comment
+
+Interface
+---------
+1. If no command-line arguments are given, the test suite is run. Otherwise:
+2. The lists $source and $indices are entered as named-argument strings on the
+   command-line.
+ - Each is a list of integers separated by whitespace.
+ - $indices contains unsigned integers (i, j, k, ...) such that each is less
+   than or equal to its own index position in the list: i = 0, 0 <= j <= 1,
+   0 <= k <= 2, etc.
+
+=end comment
+#===============================================================================
+
+use Test;
+
+subset MainArgs of List where (Array[Int], Array[UInt]);
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+BEGIN
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    "\nChallenge 264, Task #2: Target Array (Raku)\n".put;
+}
+
+#===============================================================================
+multi sub MAIN
+(
+    Str:D :$source,          #= A whitespace-separated list of integers
+    Str:D :$indices          #= A whitespace-separated list of positive integers
+)
+#===============================================================================
+{
+    my MainArgs $args = parse-command-line( $source, $indices );
+
+    "Input:  \@source  = (%s)\n".printf: $args[ 0 ].join: ', ';
+    "        \@indices = (%s)\n".printf: $args[ 1 ].join: ', ';
+
+    my Int @target = construct-target( $args );
+
+    "Output: \@target  = (%s)\n".printf: @target.join: ', ';
+}
+
+#===============================================================================
+multi sub MAIN()                                  # No input: run the test suite
+#===============================================================================
+{
+    run-tests();
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub construct-target( MainArgs:D $args --> List:D[Int:D] )
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    my Int @target;
+
+    for 0 .. $args[ 0 ].end -> UInt $i
+    {
+        @target.splice( $args[ 1; $i ], 0, $args[ 0; $i ] );
+    }
+
+    return @target;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub parse-command-line( Str:D $source, Str:D $indices --> MainArgs:D )
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    my Int @source;
+
+    for $source.split( / \s+ /, :skip-empty ) -> Str $s
+    {
+        +$s ~~ Int     or error( qq["$s" is not a valid integer] );
+
+        @source.push: +$s;
+    }
+
+    my UInt @indices;
+    my UInt $count = 0;
+
+    for $indices.split( / \s+ /, :skip-empty ) -> Str $i
+    {
+       +$i ~~ Int      or error( qq["$i" is not a valid integer] );
+        $i >= 0        or error( qq["$i" is negative] );
+        $i <= $count++ or error( qq[The index "$i" is too large] );
+
+        @indices.push: +$i;
+    }
+
+    @source.elems == @indices.elems
+                       or error( 'The input lists are of different sizes' );
+
+    return @source, @indices;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub run-tests()
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    'Running the test suite'.put;
+
+    for test-data.lines -> Str $line
+    {
+        my Str ($test-name, $source-str, $indices-str, $expected-str) =
+                $line.split: / \| /;
+
+        for     $test-name, $source-str, $indices-str, $expected-str
+        {
+            s/ ^ \s+   //;
+            s/   \s+ $ //;
+        }
+
+        my Int  @source   = parse-list( $source-str );
+        my UInt @indices  = parse-list( $indices-str );
+        my Int  @expected = parse-list( $expected-str );
+        my Int  @target   = construct-target( [ @source, @indices ] );
+
+        is-deeply @target, @expected, $test-name;
+    }
+
+    done-testing;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub parse-list( Str:D $string --> List:D[Int:D] )
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    return $string.split( / \s+ /, :skip-empty ).map( { .Int } ).list;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub error( Str:D $message )
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    "ERROR: $message".put;
+
+    USAGE();
+
+    exit 0;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub USAGE()
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    my Str $usage = $*USAGE;
+
+    $usage ~~ s:g/ ($*PROGRAM-NAME) /raku $0/;
+
+    $usage.put;
+}
+
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+sub test-data( --> Str:D )
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+{
+    return q:to/END/;
+        Example 1|0 1 2 3 4|0 1 2 2 1|0 4 1 3 2
+        Example 2|1 2 3 4 0|0 1 2 3 0|0 1 2 3 4
+        Example 3|1        |0        |1
+        END
+}
+
+################################################################################