Merge pull request #9119 from Firedrake/rogerbw-challenge-244

RogerBW solutions for challenge no. 244

21 files changed, 1173 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/javascript/ch-1.js b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/javascript/ch-1.js
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4304464493
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/javascript/ch-1.js
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#! /usr/bin/node
+
+"use strict"
+
+// by Frank Tan
+// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38400594/javascript-deep-comparison
+function deepEqual(a,b)
+{
+    if( (typeof a == 'object' && a != null) &&
+        (typeof b == 'object' && b != null) )
+    {
+        var count = [0,0];
+        for( var key in a) count[0]++;
+        for( var key in b) count[1]++;
+        if( count[0]-count[1] != 0) {return false;}
+        for( var key in a)
+        {
+            if(!(key in b) || !deepEqual(a[key],b[key])) {return false;}
+        }
+        for( var key in b)
+        {
+            if(!(key in a) || !deepEqual(b[key],a[key])) {return false;}
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return a === b;
+    }
+}
+
+function countsmaller(nums) {
+    let b = [...nums];
+    b.sort(function(a,b) {
+        return a-b;
+    });
+    let sm = new Map;
+    let l = 0;
+    b.forEach((e, i) => {
+        if (i == 0 || e != l) {
+            sm.set(e, i);
+            l = e;
+        }
+    });
+    return nums.map(n => sm.get(n));
+}
+
+if (deepEqual(countsmaller([8, 1, 2, 2, 3]), [4, 0, 1, 1, 3])) {
+  process.stdout.write("Pass");
+} else {
+  process.stdout.write("FAIL");
+}
+process.stdout.write(" ");
+if (deepEqual(countsmaller([6, 5, 4, 8]), [2, 1, 0, 3])) {
+  process.stdout.write("Pass");
+} else {
+  process.stdout.write("FAIL");
+}
+process.stdout.write(" ");
+if (deepEqual(countsmaller([2, 2, 2]), [0, 0, 0])) {
+  process.stdout.write("Pass");
+} else {
+  process.stdout.write("FAIL");
+}
+process.stdout.write("\n");
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/javascript/ch-2.js b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/javascript/ch-2.js
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f0599b7a7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/javascript/ch-2.js
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#! /usr/bin/node
+
+"use strict"
+
+function combinations(arr, k) {
+    let c = [];
+    for (let i = 0; i < k; i++) {
+        c.push(i);
+    }
+    c.push(arr.length);
+    c.push(0);
+    let out = [];
+    while (true) {
+        let inner = [];
+        for (let i = k-1; i >= 0; i--) {
+            inner.push(arr[c[i]]);
+        }
+        out.push(inner);
+        let j = 0;
+        while (c[j] + 1 == c[j + 1]) {
+            c[j] = j;
+            j += 1;
+        }
+        if (j >= k) {
+            break;
+        }
+        c[j] += 1;
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
+function grouphero(nums0) {
+    let nums = [...nums0];
+    nums.sort(function(a,b) {
+        return b-a;
+    });
+    let sum = 0;
+    for (let l = 1; l <= nums.length; l++) {
+        for (let c of combinations(nums, l)) {
+            const h = c[c.length - 1];
+            sum += h * h * c[0];
+        }
+    }
+    return sum;
+}
+
+if (grouphero([2, 1, 4]) == 141) {
+  process.stdout.write("Pass");
+} else {
+  process.stdout.write("FAIL");
+}
+process.stdout.write("\n");
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/kotlin/ch-1.kt b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/kotlin/ch-1.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e496c94cd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/kotlin/ch-1.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+fun countsmaller(nums: List<Int>): List<Int> {
+    val b = nums.sorted()
+    var sm = mutableMapOf<Int, Int>()
+    var l = 0
+    b.forEachIndexed {i, e -> if (i == 0 || e != l) {
+                          sm[e] = i
+                          l = e
+                      }
+    }
+    return nums.map{n -> sm.getValue(n)}
+}
+
+    
+fun main() {
+
+    if (countsmaller(listOf(8, 1, 2, 2, 3)) == listOf(4, 0, 1, 1, 3)) {
+        print("Pass")
+    } else {
+        print("Fail")
+    }
+    print(" ")
+    if (countsmaller(listOf(6, 5, 4, 8)) == listOf(2, 1, 0, 3)) {
+        print("Pass")
+    } else {
+        print("Fail")
+    }
+    print(" ")
+    if (countsmaller(listOf(2, 2, 2)) == listOf(0, 0, 0)) {
+        print("Pass")
+    } else {
+        print("Fail")
+    }
+    println("")
+
+}
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/kotlin/ch-2.kt b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/kotlin/ch-2.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b9e246e62f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/kotlin/ch-2.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+fun combinations(arr: List<Int>, k: Int): List<List<Int>> {
+    var c = ArrayList<Int>()
+    for (i in 0 .. k-1) {
+        c.add(i)
+    }
+    c.add(arr.size)
+    c.add(0)
+    var out = ArrayList<List<Int>>()
+    while (true) {
+        var inner = ArrayList<Int>()
+        for (i in k-1 downTo 0) {
+            inner.add(arr[c[i]])
+        }
+        out.add(inner.toList())
+        var j = 0
+        while (c[j] + 1 == c[j + 1]) {
+            c[j] = j
+            j += 1
+        }
+        if (j >= k) {
+            break
+        }
+        c[j] += 1
+    }
+    return out.toList()
+}
+
+fun grouphero(nums0: List<Int>): Int {
+    val nums = nums0.sorted().reversed()
+    var sum = 0
+    for (l in 1 .. nums.size) {
+        for (c in combinations(nums, l)) {
+            val h = c.last()
+            sum += h * h * c[0]
+        }
+    }
+    return sum
+}
+
+fun main() {
+
+    if (grouphero(listOf(2, 1, 4)) == 141) {
+        print("Pass")
+    } else {
+        print("Fail")
+    }
+    println("")
+
+}
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/lua/ch-1.lua b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/lua/ch-1.lua
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..cc59650a31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/lua/ch-1.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+#! /usr/bin/lua
+
+-- by Michael Anderson at
+-- https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8722620/comparing-two-index-tables-by-index-value-in-lua
+-- modified by Roger
+function recursive_compare(t1,t2)
+  -- Use usual comparison first.
+  if t1==t2 then return true end
+  -- We only support non-default behavior for tables
+  if (type(t1)~="table") then return false end
+  -- They better have the same metatables
+  local mt1 = getmetatable(t1)
+  local mt2 = getmetatable(t2)
+  if( not recursive_compare(mt1,mt2) ) then return false end
+  -- Build list of all keys
+  local kk = {}
+  for k1, _ in pairs(t1) do
+     kk[k1] = true
+  end
+  for k2, _ in pairs(t2) do
+     kk[k2] = true
+  end
+  -- Check each key that exists in at least one table
+  for _, k in ipairs(kk) do
+     if (not recursive_compare(t1[k], t2[k])) then
+        return false
+     end
+  end
+  return true
+end
+
+function combinations(arr, k)
+   local c = {}
+   for i = 1, k do
+      table.insert(c, i)
+   end
+   table.insert(c, #arr + 1)
+   table.insert(c, 0)
+   local out = {}
+   while true do
+      local inner = {}
+      for i = k, 1, -1 do
+         table.insert(inner, arr[c[i]])
+      end
+      table.insert(out, inner)
+      local j = 1
+      while c[j] + 1 == c[j + 1] do
+         c[j] = j
+         j = j + 1
+      end
+      if j > k then
+         break
+      end
+      c[j] = c[j] + 1
+   end
+   return ipairs(out)
+end
+
+function countsmaller(nums)
+   local b = nums
+   table.sort(b, function (i,j) return j < i end)
+   local sm = {}
+   local l = 0
+   for i1, e in ipairs(b) do
+      local i = i1 - 1
+      if i == 0 or e ~= l then
+         sm[e] = i
+         l = e
+      end
+   end
+   local out = {}
+   for _i, n in ipairs(nums) do
+      table.insert(out, sm[n])
+   end
+   return out
+end
+
+if recursive_compare(countsmaller({8, 1, 2, 2, 3}), {4, 0, 1, 1, 3}) then
+  io.write("Pass")
+else
+  io.write("FAIL")
+end
+io.write(" ")
+
+if recursive_compare(countsmaller({6, 5, 4, 8}), {2, 1, 0, 3}) then
+  io.write("Pass")
+else
+  io.write("FAIL")
+end
+io.write(" ")
+
+if recursive_compare(countsmaller({2, 2, 2}), {0, 0, 0}) then
+  io.write("Pass")
+else
+  io.write("FAIL")
+end
+print("")
+
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/lua/ch-2.lua b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/lua/ch-2.lua
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..98d12c02a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/lua/ch-2.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#! /usr/bin/lua
+
+function combinations(arr, k)
+   local c = {}
+   for i = 1, k do
+      table.insert(c, i)
+   end
+   table.insert(c, #arr + 1)
+   table.insert(c, 0)
+   local out = {}
+   while true do
+      local inner = {}
+      for i = k, 1, -1 do
+         table.insert(inner, arr[c[i]])
+      end
+      table.insert(out, inner)
+      local j = 1
+      while c[j] + 1 == c[j + 1] do
+         c[j] = j
+         j = j + 1
+      end
+      if j > k then
+         break
+      end
+      c[j] = c[j] + 1
+   end
+   return ipairs(out)
+end
+
+function grouphero(nums0)
+   local nums = nums0
+   table.sort(nums, function (i,j) return j < i end)
+   local sum = 0
+   for l = 1, #nums do
+      for _, c in combinations(nums, l) do
+         sum = sum + c[#c] * c[#c] * c[1]
+      end
+   end
+   return sum
+end
+
+if grouphero({2, 1, 4}) == 141 then
+  io.write("Pass")
+else
+  io.write("FAIL")
+end
+print("")
+
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/perl/ch-1.pl b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/perl/ch-1.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..29279711bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/perl/ch-1.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#! /usr/bin/perl
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use experimental 'signatures';
+
+use Test::More tests => 3;
+
+is_deeply(countsmaller([8, 1, 2, 2, 3]), [4, 0, 1, 1, 3], 'example 1');
+is_deeply(countsmaller([6, 5, 4, 8]), [2, 1, 0, 3], 'example 2');
+is_deeply(countsmaller([2, 2, 2]), [0, 0, 0], 'example 3');
+
+sub countsmaller($nums) {
+  my @b = sort {$a <=> $b} @{$nums};
+  my %sm;
+  my $l = 0;
+  foreach my $i (0 .. $#b) {
+    my $e = $b[$i];
+    if ($i == 0 || $e != $l) {
+      $sm{$e} = $i;
+      $l = $e;
+    }
+  }
+  return [map {$sm{$_}} @{$nums}];
+}
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/perl/ch-2.pl b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/perl/ch-2.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..114052dfd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/perl/ch-2.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#! /usr/bin/perl
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use experimental 'signatures';
+
+use Test::More tests => 1;
+
+is(grouphero([2, 1, 4]), 141, 'example 1');
+
+use Algorithm::Combinatorics qw(combinations);
+
+sub grouphero($nums0) {
+  my @nums = sort {$a <=> $b} @{$nums0};
+  my $sum = 0;
+  foreach my $l (1 .. scalar @nums) {
+    foreach my $c (combinations(\@nums, $l)) {
+      $sum += $c->[-1] * $c->[-1] * $c->[0];
+    }
+  }
+  return $sum;
+}
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/postscript/ch-1.ps b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/postscript/ch-1.ps
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..92bef555ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/postscript/ch-1.ps
@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+%!PS
+
+% begin included library code
+% see https://codeberg.org/Firedrake/postscript-libraries/
+/quicksort.cmp {
+    2 copy
+    lt {
+        pop pop -1
+    } {
+        gt {
+            1
+        } {
+            0
+        } ifelse
+    } ifelse
+} bind def
+
+/enumerate.array {
+    1 dict begin
+    /a exch def
+    [
+      0 1 a length 1 sub {
+          [ exch dup a exch get ]
+      } for
+    ]
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/quicksort {
+    { quicksort.cmp } quicksort.with_comparator
+} bind def
+
+/deepeq {
+    2 dict begin
+    /a exch def
+    /b exch def
+    a type b type eq {
+        a type /dicttype eq {
+            a length b length eq {
+                <<
+                    a {
+                        pop
+                        true
+                    } forall
+                    b {
+                        pop
+                        true
+                    } forall
+                >>
+                true exch
+                {
+                    pop
+                    dup a exch known {
+                        dup b exch known {
+                            dup a exch get exch b exch get deepeq not {
+                                pop false
+                            } if
+                        } {
+                            false
+                        } ifelse
+                    } {
+                        false
+                    } ifelse
+                } forall
+            } {
+                false
+            } ifelse
+        } {
+            a type dup /arraytype eq exch /stringtype eq or {
+                a length b length eq {
+                    true
+                    0 1 a length 1 sub {
+                        dup a exch get exch b exch get deepeq not {
+                            pop false
+                            exit
+                        } if
+                    } for
+                } {
+                    false
+                } ifelse
+            } {
+                a b eq
+            } ifelse
+        } ifelse
+    } {
+        false
+    } ifelse
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/quicksort.main { % lo hi -> (null)
+    3 dict begin
+    /hi exch def
+    /lo exch def
+    /xit false def
+    lo 0 lt {
+        /xit true def
+    } if
+    hi 0 lt {
+        /xit true def
+    } if
+    lo hi ge {
+        /xit true def
+    } if
+    xit not {
+        /p quicksort.partition def
+        lo p quicksort.main
+        p 1 add hi quicksort.main
+    } if
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/test {
+    /test.count test.count 1 add def
+    {
+        /test.pass test.pass 1 add def
+    } {
+        ( ) print
+        test.count (....) cvs print
+        (-fail) print
+    } ifelse
+} bind def
+
+/quicksort.with_comparator { % [ a c b ] { comparator } -> [ a b c ]
+    2 dict begin
+    /cmp exch def
+    /arr exch def
+    arr length 0 gt {
+        0 arr length 1 sub quicksort.main
+    } if
+    arr
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/test.start {
+    print (:) print
+    /test.pass 0 def
+    /test.count 0 def
+} bind def
+
+/quicksort.partition {
+    3 dict begin
+    /pivot arr hi lo add 2 idiv get def
+    /i lo 1 sub def
+    /j hi 1 add def
+    {
+        {
+            /i i 1 add def
+            arr i get pivot cmp 0 ge {
+                exit
+            } if
+        } loop
+        {
+            /j j 1 sub def
+            arr j get pivot cmp 0 le {
+                exit
+            } if
+        } loop
+        i j ge {
+            j
+            exit
+        } if
+        i j quicksort.swap
+    } loop
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/quicksort.swap {
+    2 dict begin
+    /bi exch def
+    /ai exch def
+    arr ai get
+    arr bi get
+    arr exch ai exch put
+    arr exch bi exch put
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/test.end {
+    ( ) print
+    test.count 0 gt {
+        (Passed ) print
+        test.pass (...) cvs print
+        (/) print
+        test.count (...) cvs print
+        ( \() print
+        test.pass 100 mul test.count idiv (...) cvs print
+        (%\)) print
+        (\r\n) print
+    } if
+} bind def
+
+/deepcopy {
+    2 dict begin
+    /a exch def
+    a type /dicttype eq {
+        <<
+            a keys {
+                /k exch def
+                k
+                a k get deepcopy
+            } forall
+        >>
+    } {
+        a type /arraytype eq {
+            [
+                a {
+                    deepcopy
+                } forall
+            ]
+        } {
+            a type /stringtype eq {
+                a dup length string cvs
+            } {
+                a
+            } ifelse
+        } ifelse
+    } ifelse
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/map { % array proc -> array
+    2 dict begin
+    /p exch def
+    [ exch
+      {
+          p
+      } forall
+    ]
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/keys { % dict -> array of dict keys
+    [ exch
+      {
+          pop
+      } forall
+    ]
+} bind def
+
+
+% end included library code
+
+/countsmaller {
+    0 dict begin
+    /nums exch def
+    /b nums deepcopy quicksort def
+    /sm 0 dict def
+    /l 0 def
+    b enumerate.array {
+        aload pop
+        /e exch def
+        /i exch def
+        i 0 eq e l ne or {
+            sm e i put
+            /l e def
+        } if
+    } forall
+    nums { sm exch get } map
+    end
+} bind def
+
+(countsmaller) test.start
+[8 1 2 2 3] countsmaller [4 0 1 1 3] deepeq test
+[6 5 4 8] countsmaller [2 1 0 3] deepeq test
+[2 2 2] countsmaller [0 0 0] deepeq test
+test.end
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/postscript/ch-2.ps b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/postscript/ch-2.ps
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5cbe083074
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/postscript/ch-2.ps
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+%!PS
+
+% begin included library code
+% see https://codeberg.org/Firedrake/postscript-libraries/
+/quicksort.partition {
+    3 dict begin
+    /pivot arr hi lo add 2 idiv get def
+    /i lo 1 sub def
+    /j hi 1 add def
+    {
+        {
+            /i i 1 add def
+            arr i get pivot cmp 0 ge {
+                exit
+            } if
+        } loop
+        {
+            /j j 1 sub def
+            arr j get pivot cmp 0 le {
+                exit
+            } if
+        } loop
+        i j ge {
+            j
+            exit
+        } if
+        i j quicksort.swap
+    } loop
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/quicksort.swap {
+    2 dict begin
+    /bi exch def
+    /ai exch def
+    arr ai get
+    arr bi get
+    arr exch ai exch put
+    arr exch bi exch put
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/test.end {
+    ( ) print
+    test.count 0 gt {
+        (Passed ) print
+        test.pass (...) cvs print
+        (/) print
+        test.count (...) cvs print
+        ( \() print
+        test.pass 100 mul test.count idiv (...) cvs print
+        (%\)) print
+        (\r\n) print
+    } if
+} bind def
+
+/quicksort.main { % lo hi -> (null)
+    3 dict begin
+    /hi exch def
+    /lo exch def
+    /xit false def
+    lo 0 lt {
+        /xit true def
+    } if
+    hi 0 lt {
+        /xit true def
+    } if
+    lo hi ge {
+        /xit true def
+    } if
+    xit not {
+        /p quicksort.partition def
+        lo p quicksort.main
+        p 1 add hi quicksort.main
+    } if
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/combinations {
+    4 dict begin
+    /k exch def
+    /arr exch def
+    /c [
+        0 1 k 1 sub { } for
+        arr length
+        0
+    ] def
+    [
+        {
+            [
+                k 1 sub -1 0 {
+                    c exch get arr exch get
+                } for
+            ]
+            /j 0 def
+            {
+                c j get 1 add c j 1 add get ne {
+                    exit
+                } if
+                c j j put
+                /j j 1 add def
+            } loop
+            j k ge {
+                exit
+            } if
+            c j c j get 1 add put
+        } loop
+    ]
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/reverse {
+    1 dict begin
+    dup length /l exch def
+    [ exch
+      aload pop
+      2 1 l {
+          -1 roll
+      } for
+    ]
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/test {
+    /test.count test.count 1 add def
+    {
+        /test.pass test.pass 1 add def
+    } {
+        ( ) print
+        test.count (....) cvs print
+        (-fail) print
+    } ifelse
+} bind def
+
+/quicksort {
+    { quicksort.cmp } quicksort.with_comparator
+} bind def
+
+/quicksort.with_comparator { % [ a c b ] { comparator } -> [ a b c ]
+    2 dict begin
+    /cmp exch def
+    /arr exch def
+    arr length 0 gt {
+        0 arr length 1 sub quicksort.main
+    } if
+    arr
+    end
+} bind def
+
+/quicksort.cmp {
+    2 copy
+    lt {
+        pop pop -1
+    } {
+        gt {
+            1
+        } {
+            0
+        } ifelse
+    } ifelse
+} bind def
+
+/test.start {
+    print (:) print
+    /test.pass 0 def
+    /test.count 0 def
+} bind def
+
+
+% end included library code
+
+/grouphero {
+    0 dict begin
+    quicksort reverse /nums exch def
+    0
+    1 1 nums length {
+        nums exch combinations {
+            /c exch def
+            /h c c length 1 sub get def
+            h h mul c 0 get mul add
+        } forall
+    } for
+    end
+} bind def
+
+(grouphero) test.start
+[2 1 4] grouphero 141 eq test
+test.end
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/python/ch-1.py b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/python/ch-1.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..75ebaf7901
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/python/ch-1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#! /usr/bin/python3
+
+def countsmaller(nums):
+  b = nums.copy()
+  b.sort()
+  sm = dict()
+  l = 0
+  for i, e in enumerate(b):
+    if i == 0 or e != l:
+      sm[e] = i
+      l = e
+  return [sm[n] for n in nums]
+
+import unittest
+
+class TestCountsmaller(unittest.TestCase):
+
+  def test_ex1(self):
+    self.assertEqual(countsmaller([8, 1, 2, 2, 3]), [4, 0, 1, 1, 3], 'example 1')
+
+  def test_ex2(self):
+    self.assertEqual(countsmaller([6, 5, 4, 8]), [2, 1, 0, 3], 'example 2')
+
+  def test_ex3(self):
+    self.assertEqual(countsmaller([2, 2, 2]), [0, 0, 0], 'example 3')
+
+unittest.main()
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/python/ch-2.py b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/python/ch-2.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7878ee513c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/python/ch-2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#! /usr/bin/python3
+
+from itertools import combinations
+
+def grouphero(nums0):
+  nums = nums0.copy()
+  nums.sort()
+  sum = 0
+  for l in range(1, len(nums) + 1):
+    for c in combinations(nums, l):
+      sum += c[-1] * c[-1] * c[0]
+  return sum
+
+import unittest
+
+class TestGrouphero(unittest.TestCase):
+
+  def test_ex1(self):
+    self.assertEqual(grouphero([2, 1, 4]), 141, 'example 1')
+
+unittest.main()
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/raku/ch-1.p6 b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/raku/ch-1.p6
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..53b60c9570
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/raku/ch-1.p6
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#! /usr/bin/raku
+
+use Test;
+
+plan 3;
+
+is-deeply(countsmaller([8, 1, 2, 2, 3]), [4, 0, 1, 1, 3], 'example 1');
+is-deeply(countsmaller([6, 5, 4, 8]), [2, 1, 0, 3], 'example 2');
+is-deeply(countsmaller([2, 2, 2]), [0, 0, 0], 'example 3');
+
+sub countsmaller(@nums) {
+    my @b = @nums.sort({$^a <=> $^b});
+    my %sm;
+    my $l = 0;
+    for 0 .. @b.end -> $i {
+        my $e = @b[$i];
+        if ($i == 0 || $e != $l) {
+            %sm{$e} = $i;
+            $l = $e;
+        }
+    }
+    return Array(@nums.map({%sm{$_}}));
+}
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/raku/ch-2.p6 b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/raku/ch-2.p6
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c656777604
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/raku/ch-2.p6
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#! /usr/bin/raku
+
+use Test;
+
+plan 1;
+
+is(grouphero([2, 1, 4]), 141, 'example 1');
+
+sub grouphero(@nums0) {
+    my @nums = @nums0.sort({$^a <=> $^b});
+    my $sum = 0;
+    for (1 .. @nums.elems) -> $l {
+        for combinations(@nums, $l) -> @c {
+            $sum += @c[*-1] * @c[*-1] * @c[0];
+        }
+    }
+    return $sum;
+}
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/ruby/ch-1.rb b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/ruby/ch-1.rb
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d8564d2402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/ruby/ch-1.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#! /usr/bin/ruby
+
+def countsmaller(nums)
+  b = nums.sort()
+  sm = Hash.new
+  l = 0
+  b.each_with_index do |e, i|
+    if i == 0 || e != l then
+      sm[e] = i
+      l = e
+    end
+  end
+  return nums.map {|n| sm[n]}
+end
+
+require 'test/unit'
+
+class TestCountsmaller < Test::Unit::TestCase
+
+  def test_ex1
+    assert_equal([4, 0, 1, 1, 3], countsmaller([8, 1, 2, 2, 3]))
+  end
+
+  def test_ex2
+    assert_equal([2, 1, 0, 3], countsmaller([6, 5, 4, 8]))
+  end
+
+  def test_ex3
+    assert_equal([0, 0, 0], countsmaller([2, 2, 2]))
+  end
+
+end
diff --git a/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/ruby/ch-2.rb b/challenge-244/roger-bell-west/ruby/ch-2.rb
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0b6d1328f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-244/rog