Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master'

41 files changed, 5165 insertions, 4716 deletions

diff --git a/challenge-021/jaldhar-h-vyas/blog.txt b/challenge-021/jaldhar-h-vyas/blog.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1d51db8b73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-021/jaldhar-h-vyas/blog.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+https://www.braincells.com/perl/2019/08/perl_weekly_challenge_week_21.html
diff --git a/challenge-021/jaldhar-h-vyas/perl6/ch-2.p6 b/challenge-021/jaldhar-h-vyas/perl6/ch-2.p6
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..92b661eb44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-021/jaldhar-h-vyas/perl6/ch-2.p6
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl6
+
+grammar URL {
+    rule TOP {
+        <Scheme>
+        ':'
+        [
+            <Slashes>?
+            [ <Userinfo> '@' ]?
+            <Host>
+            [ ':' <Port> ]?
+        ]?
+        <Path>?
+        [ '?' <Query> ]?
+        [ '#' <Fragment> ]?
+    }
+
+    token Scheme { <SchemeChar>+ }
+    token Slashes { \/\/ }
+    token Userinfo { <UserinfoChar>+ }
+    token Host { <IPv4> | <Unreserved>+ }
+    token Port { \d+ }
+    token Path { <PathChar>+ }
+    token Query { <QueryOrFragment>+ }
+    token Fragment { <QueryOrFragment>+ }
+
+    token SchemeChar { <[ A..Z a..z 0..9 + \- . ]> }
+    token DecOctet { \d | <[1..9]>\d | 1\d\d | 2<[0..4]>\d | 25<[0..5]> }
+    token HexOctet { <[ 0..9 A..F a..f ]> ** 2 }
+    token IPv4 { <DecOctet> \. <DecOctet> \. <DecOctet> \. <DecOctet> }
+    token PChar { <UserinfoChar> | '@' }
+    token PathChar { <PChar> | '/' }
+    token PctEncoded { \% <HexOctet> }
+    token QueryOrFragment { <PChar> | \/ | \? }
+    token SubDelim { <[ \! $ & \' \( \) * \+ \, \; \= ]> }
+    token Unreserved { <[ A..Z a..z 0..9 \- . _ \~ ]> }
+    token UserinfoChar { <Unreserved> | <PctEncoded> | <SubDelim> | ':' }
+}
+
+class URLAction {
+    method TOP($/) {
+        my $result = $<Scheme>.made ~ ':';
+        if $/<Slashes> {
+            $result ~= $<Slashes>;
+        }
+
+        if $/<Userinfo> {
+            $result ~= $<Userinfo>.made ~ '@';
+        }
+
+        if $/<Host> {
+            $result ~= $<Host>.made;
+        }
+
+        if $/<Port.made> {
+            $result ~= ':' ~ $<Port>.made;
+        }
+
+        $result ~= $<Path>.made;
+
+        if $/<Query> {
+            $result ~= '?' ~ $<Query>.made;
+        }
+
+        if $<Fragment> {
+            $result ~= '#' ~ $<Fragment>.made;
+        }
+
+        make($result);
+
+    }
+
+    method Scheme($/) {
+        make($/.Str.lc);
+    }
+
+    method Host($/) {
+        make($/.Str.lc);
+    }
+
+    method Userinfo($/) {
+        make(self.processPctEncoded($/.Str));
+    }
+    
+    method Port($/) {
+        if ($/.Str ~~ '80') {
+            make(Nil);
+        }
+    }
+
+    method Path($/) {
+        make(self.processPctEncoded($/.Str));
+    }
+
+    method Query($/) {
+        make(self.processPctEncoded($/.Str));
+    }
+
+    method Fragment($/) {
+        make(self.processPctEncoded($/.Str));
+    }
+
+    method processPctEncoded($part) {
+        my $processed = $part;
+        for $part ~~ m:g/ \% $<HexOctet> = ( <[ 0..9 A..F a..f ]> ** 2 ) /
+        -> $pct {
+            my $hex = $pct<HexOctet>.Str.uc;
+            if :16($hex) ~~ / <[ A..Z a..z 0..9 \- . _ \~ ]> / { # Unreserved
+                $processed = $processed.subst($pct.Str, :16($hex).chr);
+            } else {
+                $processed = $processed.subst($pct.Str, "%$hex");
+            }
+        }
+        return $processed;
+    }
+}
+
+
+multi sub MAIN($url) {
+    URL.parse($url, actions => URLAction.new).made.say;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/blog.txt b/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/blog.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b3e03920de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/blog.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+http://blogs.perl.org/users/laurent_r/2019/08/perl-weekly-challenge-22-sexy-prime-pairs-and-compression-algorithm.html
diff --git a/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/perl5/ch-1.pl b/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/perl5/ch-1.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0a9ff01b94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/perl5/ch-1.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use feature qw/say/;
+
+sub is_prime{
+    my $num = shift;
+    for my $i (2 .. $num ** .5) {
+        return 0 if $num % $i == 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+my ($candidate, $count) = (2, 0);
+while (1) {
+    if (is_prime $candidate and is_prime $candidate + 6) {
+        say "$candidate ", $candidate + 6;
+        $count ++
+    }
+    last if $count >= 10;
+    $candidate ++;
+}
diff --git a/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/perl5/ch-2.pl b/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/perl5/ch-2.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e1a44dc7e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/perl5/ch-2.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use feature qw /say/;
+use constant start_dict_size => 256;
+use utf8;
+
+sub encode {
+    my $in = shift;
+    my %dict = map { chr $_ => $_ } 0 .. start_dict_size - 1;
+    my $ω = "";
+    my @result;
+
+    for my $c (split //, $in) {
+        my $ωc = $ω . $c;
+        if (exists $dict{$ωc}) {
+            $ω = $ωc;
+        } else {
+            push @result, $dict{$ω};
+            $dict{$ωc} = scalar keys %dict;
+            $ω = $c;
+        }
+    }
+    push @result, $dict{$ω} if length $ω;
+    return @result;
+}
+sub decode {
+    my @encoded = @_;
+    my $dict_size = start_dict_size;
+    my %dict = map { $_ => chr } 0 .. start_dict_size - 1;;
+    my $ω = $dict{shift @encoded};
+    my @result = ($ω);
+    for my $i (@encoded) {
+        my $str;
+        if (exists $dict{$i}) {
+            $str = $dict{$i};
+        } elsif  ($i == $dict_size) {
+            $str = $ω . substr $ω, 0, 1;
+        } else { die "Error on $i" }
+        push @result, $str;
+        $dict{$dict_size++} = $ω . substr $str, 0, 1;
+        $ω = $str;
+    }
+    return join "", @result;
+}
+
+my $input_str = 'TOBEORNOTTOBETOBEORNOTTOBETOBEORNOTTOBE';
+my @encoded = encode $input_str;
+say "@encoded";
+say decode(@encoded);
diff --git a/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/perl6/ch-1.p6 b/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/perl6/ch-1.p6
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a5271748af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/perl6/ch-1.p6
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+use v6;
+
+my @sexy-primes = grep { .is-prime and ($_ + 6).is-prime}, (2, 3, *+2 ... Inf);
+say "@sexy-primes[$_] ", @sexy-primes[$_] + 6 for ^10;
diff --git a/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/perl6/ch-2.p6 b/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/perl6/ch-2.p6
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..32529819d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-022/laurent-rosenfeld/perl6/ch-2.p6
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+use v6;
+
+constant $start-dict-size = 26;
+
+sub encode (Str $in) {
+    my %dict = map { $_[0] => $_[1] },
+        ( ('A'..'Z') Z (^$start-dict-size) );
+    my $ω = "";
+    my @result = gather {
+        for $in.comb -> $c {
+            my $ωc = $ω ~ $c;
+            if %dict{$ωc}:exists {
+                $ω = $ωc;
+            } else {
+                take %dict{$ω};
+                %dict{$ωc} = +%dict;
+                $ω = $c;
+            }
+        }
+        take %dict{$ω} if $ω.chars;
+    }
+    # say %dict;
+    return @result;
+}
+sub decode (@encoded) {
+    my $dict-size = $start-dict-size;
+    my %dict = map { $_[1] => $_[0] },
+        ( ('A'..'Z') Z (^$start-dict-size) );
+    my $ω = %dict{shift @encoded};
+    my @result = gather {
+        take $ω;
+        for @encoded -> $i {
+            my $str;
+            if %dict{$i}:exists {
+                $str = %dict{$i};
+            } elsif  $i == $dict-size {
+                $str = $ω ~ $ω.substr(0,1)
+            }
+            take $str;
+            %dict{$dict-size++} = $ω ~ $str.substr(0,1);
+            $ω = $str;
+        }
+    }
+    return join "", @result;
+}
+
+my $input_str = 'TOBEORNOTTOBETOBEORNOTTOBETOBEORNOTTOBE';
+my @encoded = encode $input_str;
+say @encoded;
+say decode @encoded;
diff --git a/challenge-022/simon-proctor/perl6/ch-2.p6 b/challenge-022/simon-proctor/perl6/ch-2.p6
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e0e2ecd0ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-022/simon-proctor/perl6/ch-2.p6
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl6
+
+use v6;
+
+=begin pod
+
+Encodes and Decodes using the LZW algorithm.
+
+Encoded data is expected as a series of space seperated numbers because I don't want to mess about bit twiddling.
+
+=end pod
+
+sub USAGE() {
+    say "Encodes and Decodes using the LZW algorithm.\n\nEncoded data is expected as a series of space seperated numbers because I don't want to mess about bit twiddling.\n$*USAGE";
+}
+
+subset FilePath of Str where *.IO.f;
+subset ValidToEncode of Str where m/^<[a..z A..Z 0..9 \  _ \n \. , ]>* \n?$/;
+subset ValidToDecode of Str where m/^ [\d+]+ % " " $/;
+
+multi sub MAIN( Bool :h(:$help) where ?* ) { USAGE() }
+
+#| Read from STDIN and encode the result
+multi sub MAIN( 'encode' ) {
+    say encode-data( $*IN.slurp.chomp );
+}
+
+#| Read the text from the given file and output the encoded result
+multi sub MAIN( 'encode', FilePath $path ) {
+    say encode-data( $path.IO.slurp.chomp );
+}
+
+#| Encode the given string
+multi sub MAIN( 'encode', Str $data ) {
+    say encode-data( $data );
+}
+
+#| Read from STDIN and decode the result
+multi sub MAIN( 'decode' ) {
+    say decode-data( $*IN.slurp.chomp );
+}
+
+#| Read the text from the given file and output the decoded result
+multi sub MAIN( 'decode', FilePath $path ) {
+    say decode-data( $path.IO.slurp.chomp );
+}
+
+#| Decode the given string
+multi sub MAIN( 'decode', Str $data ) {
+    say decode-data( $data );
+}
+
+#| Decode a list of ints
+multi sub MAIN( 'decode', *@data where { @data.all ~~ Int } ) {
+    say decode-data( @data.join(" ") );
+}
+
+
+
+multi sub encode-data( ValidToEncode $str ) {
+    my @working = $str.comb;
+    my %dict = (available-characters() Z=> (0,1,2...*)).hash;
+    my $output = [];
+
+    LOOP: while @working.elems > 0 {
+        # Find the maximum key length
+        my $max = %dict.keys.map( *.codes ).sort( { $^b <=> $^a } ).first();
+        $max = @working.elems if $max > @working.elems;
+        
+        for (1..$max).reverse -> $length {
+            my $substr = @working[0..^$length].join("");
+            if ( %dict{$substr}:exists ) {
+                $output.push( %dict{$substr} );
+                if ( @working.elems > $length ) {
+                    my $next = @working[0..$length].join("");
+                    %dict{$next} = %dict.values.max+1;
+                }
+                @working.splice(0,$length);
+                next LOOP;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    $output.join(" ");
+}
+
+multi sub encode-data( Str $ ) {
+    die "Data to encode can include only a-z, A-Z, 0-9, ' ', ',', '.', and '_' newlines";
+}
+
+multi sub decode-data( ValidToDecode $str ) {
+    my @input = $str.split(" ");
+    my %dict = ((0,1,2...*) Z=> available-characters()).hash;
+    my $next-key = %dict.keys.elems;
+    my @output = [];
+    my $last;
+
+    for @input -> $key { 
+        @output.push( %dict{$key} );
+        with $last {
+            %dict{$next-key} = $last ~ %dict{$key};
+            $next-key++;
+        }
+        $last = %dict{$key}
+    }
+    
+    @output.join("");
+}
+
+multi sub decode-data( Str $ ) {
+    die "Data to decode should be a space seperated string of Ints";
+}
+
+sub available-characters() {
+    ( |("a".."z"), |("A".."Z"), " ", "_", ",", ".", "\n", |("0".."9") );
+}
diff --git a/challenge-022/steven-wilson/perl5/ch-1.pl b/challenge-022/steven-wilson/perl5/ch-1.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..44478e6705
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-022/steven-wilson/perl5/ch-1.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+# Author: Steven Wilson
+# Date: 2019-08-21
+# Week: 022
+#
+# Task #1
+# Write a script to print first 10 Sexy Prime Pairs. Sexy primes are
+# prime numbers that differ from each other by 6. For example, the
+# numbers 5 and 11 are both sexy primes, because 11 - 5 = 6. The term
+# “sexy prime” is a pun stemming from the Latin word for six: sex. For
+# more information, please checkout wiki page.
+# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexy_prime
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use feature qw/ say /;
+
+use Math::Primality qw/ next_prime /;
+
+my @primes;
+my @sexy_prime_pairs;
+my $next_prime = 2;
+
+while ( scalar @sexy_prime_pairs < 10 ) {
+    push @primes, $next_prime;
+    if ( grep { $_ == ( $next_prime - 6 ) } @primes ) {
+        push @sexy_prime_pairs, [ ( $next_prime - 6 ), $next_prime ];
+    }
+    $next_prime = next_prime($next_prime);
+}
+
+say "First 10 Sexy Prime Pairs are:";
+for (@sexy_prime_pairs) {
+    say @{$_}[0], " ", @{$_}[1];
+}
diff --git a/script/refresh-stats.sh b/script/refresh-stats.sh
index dab53b6244..6720c15f42 100644
--- a/script/refresh-stats.sh
+++ b/script/refresh-stats.sh
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ mv pwc-current.json stats/pwc-challenge-019.json
 fetch-pwc-stats --members members.json --guests guests.json --source challenge-020 --current
 mv pwc-current.json stats/pwc-challenge-020.json
 fetch-pwc-stats --members members.json --guests guests.json --source challenge-021 --current
+mv pwc-current.json stats/pwc-challenge-021.json
+fetch-pwc-stats --members members.json --guests guests.json --source challenge-022 --current
 mv pwc-current.json stats/
 
 fetch-pwc-stats --members members.json --guests guests.json --source challenge-001 --summary
@@ -61,6 +63,7 @@ fetch-pwc-stats --members members.json --guests guests.json --source challenge-0
 fetch-pwc-stats --members members.json --guests guests.json --source challenge-018 --master pwc-summary.json --update
 fetch-pwc-stats --members members.json --guests guests.json --source challenge-019 --master pwc-summary.json --update
 fetch-pwc-stats --members members.json --guests guests.json --source challenge-020 --master pwc-summary.json --update
+fetch-pwc-stats --members members.json --guests guests.json --source challenge-021 --master pwc-summary.json --update
 mv pwc-summary.json stats/pwc-master-stats.json
 
 echo Now fetch current stats
diff --git a/stats/pwc-challenge-001.json b/stats/pwc-challenge-001.json
index ec7df47c3b..aad1f3f904 100644
--- a/stats/pwc-challenge-001.json
+++ b/stats/pwc-challenge-001.json
@@ -2,313 +2,10 @@
    "xAxis" : {
       "type" : "category"
    },
-   "tooltip" : {
-      "headerFormat" : "<span style='font-size:11px'>{series.name}</span><br/>",
-      "pointFormat" : "<span style='color:{point.color}'>{point.name}</span>: <b>{point.y:f}</b><br/>",
-      "followPointer" : 1
-   },
-   "legend" : {
-      "enabled" : 0
-   },
-   "series" : [
-      {
-         "data" : [
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Adam Russell",
-               "y" : 3,
-               "name" : "Adam Russell"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Ailbhe Tweedie",
-               "y" : 1,
-               "name" : "Ailbhe Tweedie"
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "Alex Daniel",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "drilldown" : "Alex Daniel"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Andrezgz",
-               "name" : "Andrezgz",
-               "y" : 2
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Antonio Gamiz",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Antonio Gamiz"
-            },
-            {
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Arpad Toth",
-               "drilldown" : "Arpad Toth"
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "Athanasius",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "drilldown" : "Athanasius"
-            },
-            {
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Bob Kleemann",
-               "drilldown" : "Bob Kleemann"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Daniel Mantovani",
-               "name" : "Daniel Mantovani",
-               "y" : 1
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "Dave Cross",
-               "y" : 3,
-               "drilldown" : "Dave Cross"
-            },
-            {
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Dave Jacoby",
-               "drilldown" : "Dave Jacoby"
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "David Kayal",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "drilldown" : "David Kayal"
-            },
-            {
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Doug Schrag",
-               "drilldown" : "Doug Schrag"
-            },
-            {
-               "y" : 4,
-               "name" : "Dr James A. Smith",
-               "drilldown" : "Dr James A. Smith"
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "Duncan C. White",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "drilldown" : "Duncan C. White"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Eddy HS",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Eddy HS"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Finley",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Finley"
-            },
-            {
-               "y" : 1,
-               "name" : "Fred Zinn",
-               "drilldown" : "Fred Zinn"
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "Freddie B",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "drilldown" : "Freddie B"
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "Gustavo Chaves",
-               "y" : 1,
-               "drilldown" : "Gustavo Chaves"
-            },
-            {
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "JJ Merelo",
-               "drilldown" : "JJ Merelo"
-            },
-            {
-               "y" : 4,
-               "name" : "Jaldhar H. Vyas",
-               "drilldown" : "Jaldhar H. Vyas"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Jeff",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Jeff"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Jeremy Carman",
-               "name" : "Jeremy Carman",
-               "y" : 2
-            },
-            {
-               "y" : 1,
-               "name" : "Jim Bacon",
-               "drilldown" : "Jim Bacon"
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "Jo Christian Oterhals",
-               "y" : 5,
-               "drilldown" : "Jo Christian Oterhals"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Joelle Maslak",
-               "y" : 4,
-               "name" : "Joelle Maslak"
-            },
-            {
-               "y" : 1,
-               "name" : "John Barrett",
-               "drilldown" : "John Barrett"
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "Juan Caballero",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "drilldown" : "Juan Caballero"
-            },
-            {
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Khalid",
-               "drilldown" : "Khalid"
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "Kian-Meng Ang",
-               "y" : 3,
-               "drilldown" : "Kian-Meng Ang"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Kivanc Yazan",
-               "name" : "Kivanc Yazan",
-               "y" : 2
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Lars Balker",
-               "name" : "Lars Balker",
-               "y" : 4
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Laurent Rosenfeld",
-               "name" : "Laurent Rosenfeld",
-               "y" : 4
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Mark Senn",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Mark Senn"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Martin Mugeni",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Martin Mugeni"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Neil Bowers",
-               "y" : 1,
-               "name" : "Neil Bowers"
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "Nick Logan",
-               "y" : 4,
-               "drilldown" : "Nick Logan"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Oleksii Tsvietnov",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Oleksii Tsvietnov"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Ozzy",
-               "name" : "Ozzy",
-               "y" : 2
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Pavel Jurca",
-               "name" : "Pavel Jurca",
-               "y" : 2
-            },
-            {
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Pete Houston",
-               "drilldown" : "Pete Houston"
-            },
-            {
-               "y" : 3,
-               "name" : "Philippe Bruhat",
-               "drilldown" : "Philippe Bruhat"
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "Prajith P",
-               "y" : 1,
-               "drilldown" : "Prajith P"
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "Sean Meininger",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "drilldown" : "Sean Meininger"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Simon Proctor",
-               "y" : 6,
-               "name" : "Simon Proctor"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Simon Reinhardt",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Simon Reinhardt"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Steve Rogerson",
-               "y" : 4,
-               "name" : "Steve Rogerson"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Steven Wilson",
-               "name" : "Steven Wilson",
-               "y" : 2
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Tiago Stock",
-               "y" : 1,
-               "name" : "Tiago Stock"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "Tore Andersson",
-               "y" : 2,
-               "name" : "Tore Andersson"
-            },
-            {
-               "name" : "Veesh Goldman",
-               "y" : 1,
-               "drilldown" : "Veesh Goldman"
-            },
-            {
-               "drilldown" : "William Gilmore",