Merge branch 'manwar:master' into master

55 files changed, 3111 insertions, 1740 deletions

diff --git a/challenge-273/0rir/raku/ch-1.raku b/challenge-273/0rir/raku/ch-1.raku
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0465e7f56c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/0rir/raku/ch-1.raku
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env raku
+# :vim ft=raku sw=4 expandtab  # 🦋 ∅∪∩∋∈∉⊆ ≡ ≢ «␤ » ∴
+use v6.d;
+use Test;
+
+=begin comment
+Task 1: Percentage of Character
+Submitted by: Mohammad Sajid Anwar
+You are given a string, $str and a character $char.
+
+Write a script to return the percentage, nearest whole, of given character in the given string.
+
+Example 1
+Input: $str = "perl", $char = "e"
+Output: 25
+Example 2
+Input: $str = "java", $char = "a"
+Output: 50
+Example 3
+Input: $str = "python", $char = "m"
+Output: 0
+Example 4
+Input: $str = "ada", $char = "a"
+Output: 67
+Example 5
+Input: $str = "ballerina", $char = "l"
+Output: 22
+Example 6
+Input: $str = "analitik", $char = "k"
+Output: 13
+=end comment
+
+my @Test =
+   "perl",          "e",  25,
+   "java",          "a",  50,
+   "python",        "m",   0,
+   "ada",           "a",  67,
+   "ballerina",     "l",  22,
+   "analitik",      "k",  13,
+   'a',             "a", 100,
+   'a' x 100 ~ 'b', 'a',  99,
+   'a' x 100 ~ 'b', 'b',   1,
+   'a' x 200 ~ 'b', 'a', 100,
+   'a' x 200 ~ 'b', 'b',   0,
+   'a' x 199 ~ 'b', 'a', 100,
+   'a' x 199 ~ 'b', 'b',   1,
+;
+plan @Test ÷ 3;
+
+sub task( $word, $letter) {
+   my @w = $word.comb;
+   (100 × @w.grep( $letter) ÷ @w).round;
+}
+
+for @Test -> $in, $letter, $exp {
+    is task($in, $letter), $exp, "$exp <- ($letter) $in";
+}
+
+done-testing;
diff --git a/challenge-273/0rir/raku/ch-2.raku b/challenge-273/0rir/raku/ch-2.raku
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..267e402c7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/0rir/raku/ch-2.raku
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env raku
+# :vim ft=raku sw=4 expandtab  # 🦋 ∅∪∩∋∈∉⊆ ≡ ≢ «␤ » ∴
+use v6.d;
+use Test;
+
+=begin comment
+273-2: B After A            Submitted by: Mohammad Sajid Anwar
+You are given a string, $str.
+
+Write a script to return true if there is at least one b, and no a appears after the first b.
+
+Example 1
+Input: $str = "aabb"
+Output: true
+Example 2
+Input: $str = "abab"
+Output: false
+Example 3
+Input: $str = "aaa"
+Output: false
+Example 4
+Input: $str = "bbb"
+Output: true
+
+=end comment
+
+my @Test =
+    "aabb",     True,
+    "abab",     False,
+    "aaa",      False,
+    "bbb",      True,
+    "ccc",      False,
+    "cbc",      True,
+    "cac",      False,
+    "cab",      True,
+;
+plan @Test ÷ 2;
+
+sub task( $word) {
+    my @w = $word.comb;
+    without my $b-k =              @w.first( 'b', :k) { return False }
+    with
+                      @w[++$b-k..^@w].first( 'a')     { return False  }
+    True;
+}
+
+for @Test -> $in, $exp {
+    is task($in), $exp, "$exp\t<- $in";
+}
+
+done-testing;
+
+
diff --git a/challenge-273/arne-sommer/blog.txt b/challenge-273/arne-sommer/blog.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0b9e6b9601
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/arne-sommer/blog.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+https://raku-musings.com/b-of-a.html
diff --git a/challenge-273/arne-sommer/raku/b-after-a b/challenge-273/arne-sommer/raku/b-after-a
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1bdc6b234e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/arne-sommer/raku/b-after-a
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env raku
+
+unit sub MAIN ($str where $str.chars > 0);
+
+if $str ~~ /b/
+{
+  my $after = $str.split(/b/, 2)[1];
+
+  if $after !~~ /a/
+  {
+    say 'true';
+    exit;
+  }
+}
+
+say 'false';
diff --git a/challenge-273/arne-sommer/raku/ch-1.raku b/challenge-273/arne-sommer/raku/ch-1.raku
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0b835c61e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/arne-sommer/raku/ch-1.raku
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env raku
+
+unit sub MAIN ($str where $str.chars > 0, $char where $char.chars == 1);
+
+say ( (100 * $str.comb.Bag{$char} / $str.chars) + 0.5).int;
diff --git a/challenge-273/arne-sommer/raku/ch-2.raku b/challenge-273/arne-sommer/raku/ch-2.raku
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1bdc6b234e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/arne-sommer/raku/ch-2.raku
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env raku
+
+unit sub MAIN ($str where $str.chars > 0);
+
+if $str ~~ /b/
+{
+  my $after = $str.split(/b/, 2)[1];
+
+  if $after !~~ /a/
+  {
+    say 'true';
+    exit;
+  }
+}
+
+say 'false';
diff --git a/challenge-273/arne-sommer/raku/percentage-of-character b/challenge-273/arne-sommer/raku/percentage-of-character
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..0b835c61e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/arne-sommer/raku/percentage-of-character
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env raku
+
+unit sub MAIN ($str where $str.chars > 0, $char where $char.chars == 1);
+
+say ( (100 * $str.comb.Bag{$char} / $str.chars) + 0.5).int;
diff --git a/challenge-273/bob-lied/README b/challenge-273/bob-lied/README
index ebf6fe8695..fbef60f528 100644
--- a/challenge-273/bob-lied/README
+++ b/challenge-273/bob-lied/README
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Solutions to weekly challenge 272 by Bob Lied
+Solutions to weekly challenge 273 by Bob Lied
 
-https://perlweeklychallenge.org/blog/perl-weekly-challenge-272/
-https://github.com/boblied/perlweeklychallenge-club/tree/master/challenge-272/bob-lied
+https://perlweeklychallenge.org/blog/perl-weekly-challenge-273/
+https://github.com/boblied/perlweeklychallenge-club/tree/master/challenge-273/bob-lied
diff --git a/challenge-273/bob-lied/perl/ch-1.pl b/challenge-273/bob-lied/perl/ch-1.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1ed2a5ca47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/bob-lied/perl/ch-1.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+# vim:set ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 et ai wm=0 nu:
+#=============================================================================
+# Copyright (c) 2024, Bob Lied
+#=============================================================================
+# ch-1.pl Perl Weekly Challenge 273 Task 1 Percentage of Character
+#=============================================================================
+# You are given a string, $str and a character $char.
+# Write a script to return the percentage, nearest whole, of given
+# character in the given string.
+# Example 1 Input: $str = "perl", $char = "e"
+#           Output: 25
+# Example 2 Input: $str = "java", $char = "a"
+#           Output: 50
+# Example 3 Input: $str = "python", $char = "m"
+#           Output: 0
+# Example 4 Input: $str = "ada", $char = "a"
+#           Output: 67
+# Example 5 Input: $str = "ballerina", $char = "l"
+#           Output: 22
+# Example 6 Input: $str = "analitik", $char = "k"
+#           Output: 13
+#=============================================================================
+
+use v5.40;
+
+use Getopt::Long;
+my $DoTest  = false;
+my $Benchmark = 0;
+my $Counter = 'saturn';
+
+# Different ways to count the occurrence of a character in a string.
+# Sample benchmark run on my system:
+#                Rate splitgrep    delete   grepcmp    treval     match    saturn
+# splitgrep   44683/s        --      -26%      -39%      -84%      -94%      -96%
+# delete      60386/s       35%        --      -18%      -78%      -91%      -94%
+# grepcmp     73314/s       64%       21%        --      -73%      -89%      -93%
+# treval     274725/s      515%      355%      275%        --      -60%      -73%
+# match      694444/s     1454%     1050%      847%      153%        --      -31%
+# saturn    1000000/s     2138%     1556%     1264%      264%       44%        --
+
+my %CountChar = (
+    # Solution 1: delete everything that isn't char, use remaining length
+    delete => sub($str, $char) { length( $str =~ s/[^$char]//gr )  },
+ 
+    # Solution 2: Global match in list context yields an array of
+    # matching characters. Assigning to scalar yields length of the list.
+    match => sub($str, $char) { scalar( @{[ $str =~ m/$char/g ]} ) },
+
+    # Solution 3: Same array/scalar idea, but use =()= to get context
+    saturn => sub($str, $char) { my $occur =()= ( $str =~ m/$char/g ) },
+
+    # Solution 4: turn string into array and count with grep
+    splitgrep => sub($str, $char) { scalar( grep /$char/, split(//, $str) ) },
+
+    # Solution 4a: use string compare instead of RE in grep
+    grepcmp => sub($str, $char) { scalar( grep {$_ eq $char} split(//, $str) ) },
+
+    # Solution 5: count with tr///, needs eval to interpolate
+    treval => sub($str, $char) { eval "\$str =~ tr/$char//d" },
+);
+
+GetOptions("test" => \$DoTest, "benchmark:i" => \$Benchmark, "counter:s" => \$Counter);
+exit(!runTest()) if $DoTest;
+exit( runBenchmark($Benchmark) ) if $Benchmark;
+
+say pctOfChar(@ARGV, $CountChar{$Counter});
+
+
+sub pctOfChar($str, $char, $counter)
+{
+    my $occur = $counter->($str, $char);
+    return int( 100*($occur / length($str)) + 0.5 );
+}
+
+sub runTest
+{
+    use Test2::V0;
+
+    for my $countFunc ( sort keys %CountChar )
+    {
+        is( pctOfChar("perl",      "e", $CountChar{$countFunc}), 25, "Example 1 perl e $countFunc");
+        is( pctOfChar("java",      "a", $CountChar{$countFunc}), 50, "Example 2 java a $countFunc");
+        is( pctOfChar("python",    "m", $CountChar{$countFunc}),  0, "Example 3 python m $countFunc");
+        is( pctOfChar("ada",       "a", $CountChar{$countFunc}), 67, "Example 4 ada a $countFunc");
+        is( pctOfChar("ballerina", "l", $CountChar{$countFunc}), 22, "Example 5 ballerina l $countFunc");
+        is( pctOfChar("analitik",  "k", $CountChar{$countFunc}), 13, "Example 6 analitik k $countFunc");
+
+        is( pctOfChar("rrrr", "r", $CountChar{$countFunc}), 100, "100% $countFunc");
+    }
+
+    done_testing;
+}
+
+sub runBenchmark($repeat)
+{
+    use Benchmark qw/cmpthese/;
+
+    my $str = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy' x 10;
+
+    cmpthese($repeat, {
+            "delete"    => sub { pctOfChar($str, 'n', $CountChar{delete}) },
+            "match"     => sub { pctOfChar($str, 'n', $CountChar{match}) },
+            "saturn"    => sub { pctOfChar($str, 'n', $CountChar{saturn}) },
+            "splitgrep" => sub { pctOfChar($str, 'n', $CountChar{splitgrep}) },
+            "grepcmp"    => sub { pctOfChar($str, 'n', $CountChar{grepcmp}) },
+            "treval"    => sub { pctOfChar($str, 'n', $CountChar{treval}) },
+        });
+
+}
diff --git a/challenge-273/bob-lied/perl/ch-2.pl b/challenge-273/bob-lied/perl/ch-2.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7132fa848a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/bob-lied/perl/ch-2.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+# vim:set ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 et ai wm=0 nu:
+#=============================================================================
+# Copyright (c) 2024, Bob Lied
+#=============================================================================
+# ch-2.pl Perl Weekly Challenge 273 Task 2 B after A
+#=============================================================================
+# You are given a string, $str.
+# Write a script to return true if there is at least one b, and no a
+# appears after the first b.
+# Example 1 Input: $str = "aabb" Output: true
+# Example 2 Input: $str = "abab" Output: false
+# Example 3 Input: $str = "aaa" Output: false
+# Example 4 Input: $str = "bbb" Output: true
+#=============================================================================
+
+use v5.40;
+
+use Getopt::Long;
+my $DoTest  = false;
+my $Benchmark = 0;
+
+GetOptions("test" => \$DoTest, "benchmark:i" => \$Benchmark);
+exit(!runTest()) if $DoTest;
+exit( runBenchmark($Benchmark) ) if $Benchmark;
+
+say ( bAfterA($_) ? "true" : "false" ) for @ARGV;
+
+sub bAfterA($str)
+{
+    my $w = index($str, "b");
+    return $w >= 0 && index($str, "a", $w) < 0;
+}
+
+sub bAfterA_RE($str)
+{
+    $str =~ m/^[^b]*b[^a]*$/
+}
+
+sub runTest
+{
+    use Test2::V0;
+
+    is (bAfterA("aabb"), true,  "Example 1");
+    is (bAfterA("abab"), false, "Example 2");
+    is (bAfterA("aaa" ), false, "Example 3");
+    is (bAfterA("bbb" ), true,  "Example 4");
+
+    is (bAfterA_RE("aabb"), true,  "Example 1 RE");
+    is (bAfterA_RE("abab"), false, "Example 2 RE");
+    is (bAfterA_RE("aaa" ), false, "Example 3 RE");
+    is (bAfterA_RE("bbb" ), true,  "Example 4 RE");
+
+    done_testing;
+}
+
+sub runBenchmark($repeat)
+{
+    use Benchmark qw/cmpthese/;
+
+    cmpthese( $repeat, {
+    index => sub{
+        bAfterA("aabb"), bAfterA("abab"), bAfterA("aaaa"), bAfterA("bbbb"),
+    },
+    regex => sub{
+        bAfterA_RE("aabb"), bAfterA_RE("abab"), bAfterA_RE("aaaa"), bAfterA_RE("bbbb"),
+    },
+    });
+}
diff --git a/challenge-273/deadmarshal/go/ch1.go b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/go/ch1.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72e876ca87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/go/ch1.go
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+func percentageOfCharacter(str string, c rune) int {
+	count := 0
+	for _,v := range str {
+		if v == c {
+			count++
+		}
+	}
+	return int(float32(count) / float32(len(str)) * 100.0 + float32(0.5))
+}
+
+func main() {
+	fmt.Println(percentageOfCharacter("perl", 'e'))
+	fmt.Println(percentageOfCharacter("java", 'a'))
+	fmt.Println(percentageOfCharacter("python", 'm'))
+	fmt.Println(percentageOfCharacter("ada", 'a'))
+	fmt.Println(percentageOfCharacter("ballerina", 'l'))
+	fmt.Println(percentageOfCharacter("analitik", 'k'))
+}
diff --git a/challenge-273/deadmarshal/go/ch2.go b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/go/ch2.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e58655dc17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/go/ch2.go
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+func bAfterA(str string) bool {
+	i := strings.Index(str,"b")
+	return i != -1 && strings.LastIndex(str,"a") <= i
+}
+
+func main(){
+	fmt.Println(bAfterA("aabb"))
+	fmt.Println(bAfterA("abab"))
+	fmt.Println(bAfterA("aaa"))
+	fmt.Println(bAfterA("bbb"))
+}
diff --git a/challenge-273/deadmarshal/java/Ch1.java b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/java/Ch1.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..267c218829
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/java/Ch1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+public class Ch1 {
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    System.out.println(percentage_of_character("perl",'e'));
+    System.out.println(percentage_of_character("java",'a'));
+    System.out.println(percentage_of_character("python",'m'));
+    System.out.println(percentage_of_character("ada",'a'));
+    System.out.println(percentage_of_character("ballerina",'l'));
+    System.out.println(percentage_of_character("analitik",'k'));   
+  }
+  
+  private static int percentage_of_character(String str,char c) {
+    int count = 0;
+    for(int i = 0; i < str.length(); ++i) if(str.charAt(i) == c) count++;
+    return Math.round(((float)count/str.length()) * 100);
+  } 
+}
+
diff --git a/challenge-273/deadmarshal/java/Ch2.java b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/java/Ch2.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a606950072
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/java/Ch2.java
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+public class Ch2 {
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    System.out.println(b_after_a("aabb"));
+    System.out.println(b_after_a("abab"));
+    System.out.println(b_after_a("aaa"));
+    System.out.println(b_after_a("bbb"));
+  }
+
+  private static boolean b_after_a(String str) {
+    int i = str.indexOf('b');
+    return i != -1 && i >= str.lastIndexOf('a');
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/challenge-273/deadmarshal/modula-3/ch1/src/Ch1.m3 b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/modula-3/ch1/src/Ch1.m3
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b78a09364d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/modula-3/ch1/src/Ch1.m3
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+MODULE Ch1 EXPORTS Main;
+
+IMPORT SIO,Text;
+
+PROCEDURE PercentageOfCharacter(READONLY Str:TEXT;
+                                READONLY C:CHAR):CARDINAL =
+  VAR Count:CARDINAL := 0;
+  BEGIN
+    FOR I := 0 TO Text.Length(Str)-1 DO
+      IF Text.GetChar(Str,I) = C THEN INC(Count) END
+    END;
+    RETURN FLOOR((FLOAT(Count) / FLOAT(Text.Length(Str))) * 100.0 + 0.5)
+  END PercentageOfCharacter;
+  
+BEGIN
+  SIO.PutInt(PercentageOfCharacter("perl",'e')); SIO.Nl();
+  SIO.PutInt(PercentageOfCharacter("java",'a')); SIO.Nl();
+  SIO.PutInt(PercentageOfCharacter("python",'m')); SIO.Nl();
+  SIO.PutInt(PercentageOfCharacter("ada",'a')); SIO.Nl();
+  SIO.PutInt(PercentageOfCharacter("ballerina",'l')); SIO.Nl();
+  SIO.PutInt(PercentageOfCharacter("analitik",'k')); SIO.Nl(); 
+END Ch1.
+
diff --git a/challenge-273/deadmarshal/modula-3/ch1/src/m3makefile b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/modula-3/ch1/src/m3makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9f66e4a51f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/modula-3/ch1/src/m3makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import("libm3")
+import("libsio")
+implementation("Ch1")
+program("ch1")
+
diff --git a/challenge-273/deadmarshal/modula-3/ch2/src/Ch2.m3 b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/modula-3/ch2/src/Ch2.m3
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..421b09e8e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/modula-3/ch2/src/Ch2.m3
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+MODULE Ch2 EXPORTS Main;
+
+IMPORT SIO,Text;
+
+PROCEDURE FindChar(READONLY Str:TEXT;
+                   READONLY C:CHAR;
+                   READONLY Backwards:BOOLEAN := FALSE):INTEGER =
+  BEGIN
+    IF Backwards THEN
+      FOR I := Text.Length(Str)-1 TO 0 BY -1 DO
+        IF Text.GetChar(Str,I) = C THEN RETURN I END
+      END
+    ELSE
+      FOR I := 0 TO Text.Length(Str)-1 DO
+        IF Text.GetChar(Str,I) = C THEN RETURN I END
+      END      
+    END;
+    RETURN -1
+  END FindChar;
+  
+PROCEDURE BAfterA(READONLY Str:TEXT):BOOLEAN =
+  VAR
+    IB:INTEGER := FindChar(Str,'b'); 
+    IA:INTEGER := FindChar(Str,'a',TRUE);
+  BEGIN
+    RETURN IB # -1 AND IA <= IB
+  END BAfterA;
+
+BEGIN
+  SIO.PutBool(BAfterA("aabb")); SIO.Nl();
+  SIO.PutBool(BAfterA("abab")); SIO.Nl();
+  SIO.PutBool(BAfterA("aaa")); SIO.Nl();
+  SIO.PutBool(BAfterA("bbb")); SIO.Nl();
+END Ch2.
+
diff --git a/challenge-273/deadmarshal/modula-3/ch2/src/m3makefile b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/modula-3/ch2/src/m3makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..798c627ef3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/modula-3/ch2/src/m3makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import("libm3")
+import("libsio")
+implementation("Ch2")
+program("ch2")
+
diff --git a/challenge-273/deadmarshal/perl/ch-1.pl b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/perl/ch-1.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..044da5f05e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-273/deadmarshal/perl/ch-1.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use POSIX qw(round);
+
+sub percentage_of_character{
+  my ($str,$char) = @_;
+  my $count =()= $str =~ /\