Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master'

59 files changed, 2767 insertions, 1912 deletions

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index ba8194b15c..040286b6c4 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -19,5 +19,8 @@ go.mod
 go.sum
 tags
 
+# Perl Inline module
+_Inline
+
 # Rust languageoutput directory
 target/
diff --git a/challenge-001/paulo-custodio/go.pl b/challenge-001/paulo-custodio/go.pl
index fe74e50528..3904778b45 100644
--- a/challenge-001/paulo-custodio/go.pl
+++ b/challenge-001/paulo-custodio/go.pl
@@ -7,25 +7,11 @@ use Path::Tiny;
     or die "Usage: ",path($0)->basename," nr\n";
 my $nr = sprintf("%03d", $ARGV[0]);
 
-for my $dir (qw(
-            ada
-            awk
-            basic
-            bc
-            brainfuck
-            c
-            cpp
-            d
-            forth
-            fortran
-            lua
-            pascal
-            perl
-            python
-            t
-            )) {
-    path("challenge-$nr/paulo-custodio/$dir")->mkpath;
-}
+path("challenge-$nr/paulo-custodio")->mkpath;
+#for my $dir (qw(ada awk basic bc brainfuck c cpp d forth fortran lua pascal perl python t)) {
+#    path("challenge-$nr/paulo-custodio/$dir")->mkpath;
+#}
+
 path("challenge-$nr/paulo-custodio/README")->spew("Solution by Paulo Custodio\n");
 if (! -f "challenge-$nr/paulo-custodio/Makefile") {
     path("challenge-$nr/paulo-custodio/Makefile")->spew(
diff --git a/challenge-001/paulo-custodio/untabify.pl b/challenge-001/paulo-custodio/untabify.pl
index 9f3c5657d4..dfdd1f1143 100644
--- a/challenge-001/paulo-custodio/untabify.pl
+++ b/challenge-001/paulo-custodio/untabify.pl
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ for my $dir (<challenge-*/paulo-custodio>) {
     my $iter = path($dir)->iterator({recurse=>1});
     while (defined(my $path = $iter->())) {
         next unless $path->is_file;
+		next unless -T $path;
         next if $path =~ /~$/;                      # temp files
         my $ext = ""; $path->basename =~ /(\.\w+)$/ and $ext = $1;
         next if $ext eq "" || $ext =~ /\.(exe|o|obj|ali|ads)$/; # binaries
diff --git a/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/Makefile b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c3c762d746
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+all:
+	perl ../../challenge-001/paulo-custodio/test.pl
diff --git a/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/README b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..87dc0b2fbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/README
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Solution by Paulo Custodio
diff --git a/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-1.pl b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-1.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cb66cbf59c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-1.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+# Challenge 028
+
+# Task #1
+# Write a script to check the file content without explicitly reading the
+# content. It should accept file name with path as command line argument and
+# print "The file content is binary." or else "The file content is ascii."
+# accordingly.
+
+use Modern::Perl;
+
+my $file = shift or die "Usage: $0 file\n";
+if (-T $file) {
+    say "The file content is ascii.";
+}
+else {
+    say "The file content is binary.";
+}
diff --git a/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-2.pl b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-2.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e2dd386ac1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-2.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+# Challenge 028
+
+# Task #2
+# Write a script to display Digital Clock. Feel free to be as creative as you
+# can when displaying digits. We expect bare minimum something like "14:10:11".
+
+use Modern::Perl;
+use POSIX;
+use Time::HiRes qw(usleep);
+
+my %chars;
+
+$chars{' '}[0] = "      ";
+$chars{' '}[1] = "      ";
+$chars{' '}[2] = "      ";
+$chars{' '}[3] = "      ";
+$chars{' '}[4] = "      ";
+
+$chars{'0'}[0] = "  ___ ";
+$chars{'0'}[1] = " |   |";
+$chars{'0'}[2] = " |   |";
+$chars{'0'}[3] = " |   |";
+$chars{'0'}[4] = " |___|";
+
+$chars{'1'}[0] = "      ";
+$chars{'1'}[1] = "     |";
+$chars{'1'}[2] = "     |";
+$chars{'1'}[3] = "     |";
+$chars{'1'}[4] = "     |";
+
+$chars{'2'}[0] = "  ___ ";
+$chars{'2'}[1] = "     |";
+$chars{'2'}[2] = "  ___|";
+$chars{'2'}[3] = " |    ";
+$chars{'2'}[4] = " |___ ";
+
+$chars{'3'}[0] = "  ___ ";
+$chars{'3'}[1] = "     |";
+$chars{'3'}[2] = "  ___|";
+$chars{'3'}[3] = "     |";
+$chars{'3'}[4] = "  ___|";
+
+$chars{'4'}[0] = "      ";
+$chars{'4'}[1] = " |   |";
+$chars{'4'}[2] = " |___|";
+$chars{'4'}[3] = "     |";
+$chars{'4'}[4] = "     |";
+
+$chars{'5'}[0] = "  ___ ";
+$chars{'5'}[1] = " |    ";
+$chars{'5'}[2] = " |___ ";
+$chars{'5'}[3] = "     |";
+$chars{'5'}[4] = "  ___|";
+
+$chars{'6'}[0] = "  ___ ";
+$chars{'6'}[1] = " |    ";
+$chars{'6'}[2] = " |___ ";
+$chars{'6'}[3] = " |   |";
+$chars{'6'}[4] = " |___|";
+
+$chars{'7'}[0] = "  ___ ";
+$chars{'7'}[1] = "     |";
+$chars{'7'}[2] = "     |";
+$chars{'7'}[3] = "     |";
+$chars{'7'}[4] = "     |";
+
+$chars{'8'}[0] = "  ___ ";
+$chars{'8'}[1] = " |   |";
+$chars{'8'}[2] = " |___|";
+$chars{'8'}[3] = " |   |";
+$chars{'8'}[4] = " |___|";
+
+$chars{'9'}[0] = "  ___ ";
+$chars{'9'}[1] = " |   |";
+$chars{'9'}[2] = " |___|";
+$chars{'9'}[3] = "     |";
+$chars{'9'}[4] = "     |";
+
+$chars{':'}[0] = "      ";
+$chars{':'}[1] = "      ";
+$chars{':'}[2] = "   .  ";
+$chars{':'}[3] = "   .  ";
+$chars{':'}[4] = "      ";
+
+my $CLEAR = "\e[H\e[2J";
+my $HOME  = "\e[H";
+
+sub banner {
+    my($text) = @_;
+    for my $row (0 .. $#{$chars{' '}}) {
+        for my $c (split(//, $text)) {
+            print $chars{$c}[$row];
+        }
+        print "\n";
+    }
+}
+
+print $CLEAR;
+while (1) {
+    my $time = strftime("%H:%M:%S", localtime(time));
+    print $HOME;
+    banner($time);
+    usleep(500*1000);
+}
diff --git a/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/python/ch-1.py b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/python/ch-1.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2ed8ff5b7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/python/ch-1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+# Challenge 028
+
+# Task #1
+# Write a script to check the file content without explicitly reading the
+# content. It should accept file name with path as command line argument and
+# print "The file content is binary." or else "The file content is ascii."
+# accordingly.
+
+import sys
+
+file = sys.argv[1]
+if b'\x00' in open(file, 'rb').read():
+    print("The file content is binary.")
+else:
+    print("The file content is ascii.")
diff --git a/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/python/ch-2.py b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/python/ch-2.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3e796f3de5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/python/ch-2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+
+# Challenge 028
+
+# Task #2
+# Write a script to display Digital Clock. Feel free to be as creative as you
+# can when displaying digits. We expect bare minimum something like "14:10:11".
+
+from datetime import datetime
+import time
+
+chars = {
+    ' ': ["      ",
+          "      ",
+          "      ",
+          "      ",
+          "      "],
+    '0': ["  ___ ",
+          " |   |",
+          " |   |",
+          " |   |",
+          " |___|"],
+    '1': ["      ",
+          "     |",
+          "     |",
+          "     |",
+          "     |"],
+    '2': ["  ___ ",
+          "     |",
+          "  ___|",
+          " |    ",
+          " |___ "],
+    '3': ["  ___ ",
+          "     |",
+          "  ___|",
+          "     |",
+          "  ___|"],
+    '4': ["      ",
+          " |   |",
+          " |___|",
+          "     |",
+          "     |"],
+    '5': ["  ___ ",
+          " |    ",
+          " |___ ",
+          "     |",
+          "  ___|"],
+    '6': ["  ___ ",
+          " |    ",
+          " |___ ",
+          " |   |",
+          " |___|"],
+    '7': ["  ___ ",
+          "     |",
+          "     |",
+          "     |",
+          "     |"],
+    '8': ["  ___ ",
+          " |   |",
+          " |___|",
+          " |   |",
+          " |___|"],
+    '9': ["  ___ ",
+          " |   |",
+          " |___|",
+          "     |",
+          "     |"],
+    ':': ["      ",
+          "      ",
+          "   .  ",
+          "   .  ",
+          "      "],
+}
+
+CLEAR = "\x1b[H\x1b[2J"
+HOME  = "\x1b[H"
+
+def banner(text):
+    for row in range(len(chars[' '])):
+        for c in text:
+            print(chars[c][row], end="")
+        print("")
+
+print(CLEAR, end="")
+while True:
+    now = datetime.now()
+    print(HOME, end="")
+    banner(now.strftime("%H:%M:%S"))
+    time.sleep(0.5)
diff --git a/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/t/test-1.yaml b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/t/test-1.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..764f673b5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/t/test-1.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+- setup:    system("gcc -otest test.c")==0
+  cleanup:
+  args:     test.c
+  input:
+  output:   The file content is ascii.
+- setup:
+  cleanup:  unlink("test.o", "test")
+  args:     test
+  input:
+  output:   The file content is binary.
diff --git a/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/test.c b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/test.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..237c8ce181
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-028/paulo-custodio/test.c
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+int main() {}
diff --git a/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/Makefile b/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c3c762d746
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+all:
+	perl ../../challenge-001/paulo-custodio/test.pl
diff --git a/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/README b/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..87dc0b2fbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/README
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Solution by Paulo Custodio
diff --git a/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-1.pl b/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-1.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..606ec245cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-1.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+# Challenge 029
+
+# Task #1
+# Write a script to demonstrate brace expansion. For example, script would take
+# command line argument Perl {Daily,Weekly,Monthly,Yearly} Challenge and should
+# expand it and print like below:
+#
+#   Perl Daily Challenge
+#   Perl Weekly Challenge
+#   Perl Monthly Challenge
+#   Perl Yearly Challenge
+
+use Modern::Perl;
+
+sub print_expanded {
+    my($text) = @_;
+    if ($text =~ /[{]([^{}]*?)[}]/) {
+        my($before, $expand, $after) = ($`, $1, $');
+        for my $arg (split(/,/, $expand)) {
+            print_expanded($before.$arg.$after);
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        say $text;
+    }
+}
+
+print_expanded("@ARGV");
diff --git a/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-2.pl b/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-2.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c33fa95943
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-2.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+# Challenge 029
+
+# Task #2
+# Write a script to demonstrate calling a C function. It could be any user
+# defined or standard C function.
+
+use Modern::Perl;
+use Inline C => <<'END';
+    int sum(int a, int b) {
+        return a+b;
+    }
+END
+
+say sum(@ARGV);
diff --git a/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/t/test-1.yaml b/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/t/test-1.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9caa126714
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/t/test-1.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+- setup:
+  cleanup:
+  args:     "'Perl {Daily,Weekly,Monthly,Yearly} Challenge'"
+  input:
+  output:   |
+            Perl Daily Challenge
+            Perl Weekly Challenge
+            Perl Monthly Challenge
+            Perl Yearly Challenge
+- setup:
+  cleanup:
+  args:     "'a{b{1,2},c{3,4}}d'"
+  input:
+  output:   |
+            ab1d
+            ac3d
+            ab1d
+            ac4d
+            ab2d
+            ac3d
+            ab2d
+            ac4d
diff --git a/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/t/test-2.yaml b/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/t/test-2.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..45d285dccc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-029/paulo-custodio/t/test-2.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+- setup:
+  cleanup:
+  args:     2 3
+  input:
+  output:   5
diff --git a/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-1.pl b/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-1.pl
index 76a8e19638..c29b6a64d8 100644
--- a/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-1.pl
+++ b/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-1.pl
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl
 
+# Challenge 142
+#
 # TASK #1 > Divisor Last Digit
 # Submitted by: Mohammad S Anwar
 # You are given positive integers, $m and $n.
diff --git a/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-2.pl b/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-2.pl
index 83160b0a28..a1da4960ff 100644
--- a/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-2.pl
+++ b/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/perl/ch-2.pl
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl
 
+# Challenge 142
+#
 # TASK #2 > Sleep Sort
 # Submitted by: Adam Russell
 # Another joke sort similar to JortSort suggested by champion Adam Russell.
diff --git a/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/python/ch-1.py b/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/python/ch-1.py
index d142b7d24f..99880d719a 100644
--- a/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/python/ch-1.py
+++ b/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/python/ch-1.py
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/python3
 
+# Challenge 142
+#
 # TASK #1 > Divisor Last Digit
 # Submitted by: Mohammad S Anwar
 # You are given positive integers, $m and $n.
diff --git a/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/python/ch-2.py b/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/python/ch-2.py
index 31f6f67abe..cd84d4b50d 100644
--- a/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/python/ch-2.py
+++ b/challenge-142/paulo-custodio/python/ch-2.py
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/python3
 
+# Challenge 142
+#
 # TASK #2 > Sleep Sort
 # Submitted by: Adam Russell
 # Another joke sort similar to JortSort suggested by champion Adam Russell.
diff --git a/challenge-143/david-santiago/raku/ch-1.raku b/challenge-143/david-santiago/raku/ch-1.raku
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..65553e4fcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-143/david-santiago/raku/ch-1.raku
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+use MONKEY-SEE-NO-EVAL;
+
+sub MAIN($expression) {
+    say EVAL $expression;
+}
diff --git a/challenge-143/david-santiago/raku/ch-2.raku b/challenge-143/david-santiago/raku/ch-2.raku
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..60007ddf5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-143/david-santiago/raku/ch-2.raku
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env raku
+
+# bipronic numbers:
+# Numbers of the form x*(x+1) * y*(y+1) ("bipronics") with x and y nonnegative integers. 
+
+sub MAIN (Int $n){
+    for (1..$n/2.ceiling) -> $a {
+	for (1..$a) -> $b {
+	    if $a*($a+1) * $b*($b+1) == $n {
+		say "Yes";
+		return;
+	    }
+	}
+    }  
+    say "No";
+}
diff --git a/challenge-143/laurent-rosenfeld/blog.txt b/challenge-143/laurent-rosenfeld/blog.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3b1d505950
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-143/laurent-rosenfeld/blog.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+http://blogs.perl.org/users/laurent_r/2021/12/post.html
diff --git a/challenge-143/laurent-rosenfeld/perl/ch-1.pl b/challenge-143/laurent-rosenfeld/perl/ch-1.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bb8edda515
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-143/laurent-rosenfeld/perl/ch-1.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use feature "say";
+
+sub calc {
+    my $expr = shift;
+    return "Not a valid arithmetic expression" unless
+        $expr =~ /^[-\d\s+*()]+$/;
+    return eval $expr;
+}
+for my $test ("10 + 20 - 5", "(10 + 20 - 5) * 2", "7 + a", "6 * 7") {
+    say calc $test;
+}
diff --git a/challenge-143/laurent-rosenfeld/perl/ch-2.pl b/challenge-143/laurent-rosenfeld/perl/ch-2.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4c0d53cc74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-143/laurent-rosenfeld/perl/ch-2.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use feature "say";
+
+sub cross {
+