Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master'

84 files changed, 3087 insertions, 57 deletions

diff --git a/challenge-156/0rir/raku/ch-1.raku b/challenge-156/0rir/raku/ch-1.raku
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d23a382034
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-156/0rir/raku/ch-1.raku
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env raku
+# :vim ft=raku sw=4 expandtabs
+use v6.d;
+
+#1 Pernicious Numbers
+
+(gather {
+    for 1…∞  {
+        .take if .base(2).split('').grep( '1' ).chars.is-prime()
+    }
+})[0..9].join( ', ', :skip-empty ).say;
+
diff --git a/challenge-156/0rir/raku/ch-2.raku b/challenge-156/0rir/raku/ch-2.raku
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d47c7ce64c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-156/0rir/raku/ch-2.raku
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env raku
+# :vim ft=raku sw=4 expandtabs
+use v6.d;
+
+# 2 Weird Number
+
+my $n = 5;
+
+my \TEST = False;
+
+if TEST {
+    my @w = 70, 836, 4030, 5830, 7192, 7912, 9272, 10430, 10570,
+            10792, 10990, 11410, 11690, 12110, 12530, 12670,
+            13370, 13510, 13790, 13930, 14770, 15610, 15890,
+            16030, 16310, 16730, 16870, 17272, 17570, 17990,
+            18410, 18830, 18970, 19390, 19670;
+
+    for     10, 12, 20, 21, 5000, 88,
+            70, 836, 4030, 5830, 7192, 7912, 9272, 10430, 10570,
+            10792, 10990, 11410, 11690, 12110, 12530, 12670,
+            13370, 13510, 13790, 13930, 14770, 15610, 15890,
+            16030, 16310, 16730, 16870, 17272, 17570, 17990,
+            18410, 18830, 18970, 19390, 19670
+    -> $x {
+        if is_weird($x) {
+            die unless $x == @w.any;
+            say $x;
+        }else{
+            die unless $x == @w.none;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub MAIN( Int $x = 70 ) {
+    my @state = is_weird( $x);
+    present(  | @state);
+    exit;
+}
+
+sub is_weird( Int $n where $n > 1, --> Any ) {
+
+    my @proper = ( 1 … Int($n/2) ).grep: $n %% *;
+    my $sum = [+] @proper;
+
+    if $n ≥ $sum {  return ( False, @proper, $n, [], 'gte') but False; }
+
+    my $diff = $sum - $n;
+    my @equalizer = @proper.grep( * ≤ $diff).combinations;
+    sink @equalizer.shift;
+    for @equalizer -> @e {
+        if $diff == [+] @e {
+            return (False, @proper, $n, @e, 'match') but False;
+        }
+    }
+    return ( True, @proper, $n, [], 'fine') but True;
+}
+
+sub present( Bool $flag, @proper, Int $n, @variance, Str $annot ) {
+    say "Input: \$n = $n\nOutput: $flag.Int()\n";
+    _format( $flag, @proper, $n, @variance, $annot );
+}
+
+sub _format( Bool $flag, @p, Int $n, @variance, Str $annot ) {
+    given $annot {
+        when 'gte'   {
+            say "Since the proper divisor" ~ _format_list(@p)
+            ~ " sum to " ~ ([+] @p)
+            ~ " which is not greater than $n.";
+        }
+        when 'match' {
+            say "Since the proper divisor", _format_list(@p),
+                " sum to ", ( [+] @p), " but the subset",
+                _format_list((@p (-) @variance).Hash.keys.sort).substr(5),
+                " does sum to $n." ;
+        }
+        when 'fine'  {
+            say "Since the proper divisors of $n "
+                ~ _format_list( @p ).substr( 2) ~ " sums to "
+                ~ ([+] @p) ~ " and no subset of divisors sums to $n.";
+        }
+        default { die "bad annot -- unreachable w/ $n";
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub _format_list( @list --> Str ) {
+    given @list.elems {
+       when 1 { return "is @list[0] " }
+       when 2 { return "s are @list[0] and @list[1] " }
+       default { return "s are @list[0..*-2].join(', ') and @list[*-1]" }
+    }
+    die "unreachable";
+}
diff --git a/challenge-156/adam-russell/blog.txt b/challenge-156/adam-russell/blog.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..766992c2ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-156/adam-russell/blog.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+http://www.rabbitfarm.com/cgi-bin/blosxom/perl/2022/03/20
diff --git a/challenge-156/adam-russell/blog1.txt b/challenge-156/adam-russell/blog1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7ee269dddc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-156/adam-russell/blog1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+http://www.rabbitfarm.com/cgi-bin/blosxom/prolog/2022/03/20
diff --git a/challenge-156/adam-russell/perl/ch-1.pl b/challenge-156/adam-russell/perl/ch-1.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f7cb57d15f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-156/adam-russell/perl/ch-1.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+##
+# Write a script to generate the first 10 Pernicious Numbers.
+## 
+use Math::Primality qw/is_prime/;
+
+sub count_bits{
+    my($n) = @_;
+    my $total_count_set_bit = 0;
+    while($n){
+        my $b = $n & 1;
+        $total_count_set_bit++ if $b;
+        $n = $n >> 1;
+    }
+    return $total_count_set_bit;
+}
+
+sub first_n_pernicious{
+    my($n) = @_;
+    my @pernicious;
+    my $x = 1;
+    do{
+        my $set_bits = count_bits($x);
+        push @pernicious, $x if is_prime($set_bits);
+        $x++;
+    }while(@pernicious < $n);
+    return @pernicious;
+}
+
+MAIN:{
+    print join(", ", first_n_pernicious(10)) . "\n";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/challenge-156/adam-russell/perl/ch-2.pl b/challenge-156/adam-russell/perl/ch-2.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..945f1ccaec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-156/adam-russell/perl/ch-2.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+##
+# You are given number, $n > 0. Write a script to find out if 
+# the given number is a Weird Number.
+##
+use boolean;
+use Data::PowerSet q/powerset/;
+
+sub factor{
+    my($n) = @_;
+    my @factors = (1);
+    foreach  my $j (2 .. sqrt($n)){
+        push @factors, $j if $n % $j == 0;
+        push @factors, ($n / $j) if $n % $j == 0 && $j ** 2 != $n;
+    }
+    return @factors;  
+}
+
+sub is_weird{
+    my($x) = @_;
+    my @factors = factor($x); 
+    my $sum = unpack("%32I*", pack("I*",  @factors));
+    for my $subset (@{powerset(@factors)}){
+        return false if unpack("%32I*", pack("I*",  @{$subset})) == $x;
+    }  
+    return boolean($sum > $x);
+}
+
+MAIN:{
+    print is_weird(12) . "\n";
+    print is_weird(70) . "\n";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/challenge-156/adam-russell/prolog/ch-1.p b/challenge-156/adam-russell/prolog/ch-1.p
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c8dfbeaf9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-156/adam-russell/prolog/ch-1.p
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+pernicious(_) --> [].
+pernicious(Seen) --> [X], x(Seen, X), {set_bits(X, Bits), fd_prime(Bits)}, pernicious([X|Seen]).
+x(Seen, X) --> {between(1, 100, X), \+ member(X, Seen)}. 
+
+set_bits(N, X):-
+    set_bits(N, 0, X).
+set_bits(0, X, X).
+set_bits(N, X_Acc, X):-
+    B is N /\ 1,
+    X0 is X_Acc + B,
+    N0 is N >> 1,
+    set_bits(N0, X0, X), !.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/challenge-156/adam-russell/prolog/ch-2.p b/challenge-156/adam-russell/prolog/ch-2.p
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e2f671c56a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-156/adam-russell/prolog/ch-2.p
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+weird(_) --> [].
+weird(Seen) --> [X], x(Seen, X), {
+    findall(F, factor(X, F), Factors), flatten([1, Factors], FlatFactors),
+    sum_list(FlatFactors, FactorSum), 
+    FactorSum > X, 
+    powerset(FlatFactors, FactorSets),
+    maplist(sum_list, FactorSets, FactorSetSums),
+    \+ member(X, FactorSetSums)
+    }, 
+    weird([X|Seen]).
+x(Seen, X) --> {between(1, 1000, X), \+ member(X, Seen)}. 
+
+powerset(X,Y):- bagof(S, subseq(S,X), Y).
+subseq([], []).
+subseq([], [_|_]).
+subseq([X|Xs], [X|Ys] ):- subseq(Xs, Ys).
+subseq([X|Xs], [_|Ys] ):- append(_, [X|Zs], Ys), subseq(Xs, Zs).
+
+factor(N, Factors):-
+    S is round(sqrt(N)),
+    fd_domain(X, 2, S),
+    R #= N rem X,
+    R #= 0,
+    Q #= N // X,
+    Q #\= X,
+    fd_labeling([Q, X]),
+    Factors = [Q, X].
+factor(N, Factors):-
+    S is round(sqrt(N)),
+    fd_domain(X, 2, S),
+    R #= N rem X,
+    R #= 0,
+    Q #= N // X,
+    Q #= X,
+    fd_labeling([Q]),
+    Factors = [Q].   
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/challenge-156/arne-sommer/blog.txt b/challenge-156/arne-sommer/blog.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc8920923c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-156/arne-sommer/blog.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+https://raku-musings.com/weirdly-pernicious.html
diff --git a/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/ch-1.raku b/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/ch-1.raku
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..727105e251
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/ch-1.raku
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env raku
+
+unit sub MAIN (Int $length where $length > 0 = 10);
+
+my $pn := (1..Inf).grep({ $_.fmt('%b').comb.sum.is-prime });
+
+$pn.head($length).join(", ").say;
diff --git a/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/ch-2.raku b/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/ch-2.raku
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..e63cee9fab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/ch-2.raku
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env raku
+
+unit sub MAIN (Int $n where $n > 0);
+
+my @proper-divisors = divisors($n, :not-self);
+
+say @proper-divisors.sum <= $n
+  ?? 0
+  !! + ! so any(@proper-divisors.combinations>>.sum) == $n;
+
+sub divisors ($number, :$not-self, :$not-one)
+{
+  my @divisors;
+  
+  for ($not-one ?? 2 !! 1) .. $number/2 -> $candidate
+  {
+    @divisors.push: $candidate if $number %% $candidate;
+  }
+  
+  @divisors.push: $number unless $not-self;
+
+  return @divisors;
+}
diff --git a/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/pernicious-numbers b/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/pernicious-numbers
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..727105e251
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/pernicious-numbers
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env raku
+
+unit sub MAIN (Int $length where $length > 0 = 10);
+
+my $pn := (1..Inf).grep({ $_.fmt('%b').comb.sum.is-prime });
+
+$pn.head($length).join(", ").say;
diff --git a/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/unpernicious-numbers b/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/unpernicious-numbers
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..b7b6510869
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/unpernicious-numbers
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env raku
+
+unit sub MAIN (Int $length where $length > 0 = 10);
+
+my $pn := (1..Inf).grep({ $_.fmt('%b').comb.sum.is-prime.not });
+
+$pn.head($length).join(", ").say;
diff --git a/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/weird-number b/challenge-156/arne-sommer/raku/weird-number